10P/Tempel 2
Metadata
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Designation | 10P/Tempel 2 |
| Type | P |
| Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) | 2015-11-14T05:47:16.854720Z |
| Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) | 2026-07-28T14:18:01Z |
| Obs used | 6347 |
| NEO | - |
| M1 | 13.700 |
| K1 | 6.500 |
| PC | - |
Osculating Elements
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) | 2016-09-19.0000000 |
| e | 0.53738110 |
| q (au) | 1.417400 |
| a (au) | 3.063862 |
| i (deg) | 12.029172 |
| Ω (om, deg) | 117.800178 |
| ω (w, deg) | 195.532495 |
| M (ma, deg) | 56.927743 |
Magnitude
Scatter + Global Linear
$$ M_a = (11.454 + 6.000\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta $$ $$ \theta = 180^\circ - \alpha $$ $$ \Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b) $$ $$ \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1 $$
Model Parameters
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| H0 | 11.454 |
| n | 6.000 |
| gf | 0.999 |
| gb | -0.816 |
| k | 0.800 |
| δ90 | 10.000 |
| Parameter | Symbol | Range | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Absolute magnitude at 1 AU from Sun and Earth | H0 | -5 to 20 | Intrinsic brightness of the comet |
| Photometric slope parameter | n | 2 to 6 | Rate of brightness change with heliocentric distance |
| Forward scattering asymmetry factor | gf |
0.8 to 1 | Degree of forward scattering |
| Backward scattering asymmetry factor | gb |
-1 to -0.5 | Degree of backward scattering |
| Partitioning coefficient | k | 0.8 to 1 | Ratio between forward/backward scattering contributions |
| Dust-to-gas brightness ratio | δ90 | 1 to 10 | Relative contribution of dust scattering to gas emission |
Reference: EPSC-DPS2025-160
Residuals (Piecewise)
$$\epsilon = a \log_{10} r_{\mathrm{au}} + b$$
| Start (UTC) | End (UTC) | a | b |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023-12-15 | 2026-04-08 | +30.5113 | -5.333 |
| 2026-04-08 | 2026-08-05 | -5.4080 | +3.679 |
log10 r = log10(heliocentric distance / AU), Δ = geocentric distance (AU)
Finding Chart
Ephemeris
| Date/Time (UTC) | RA (J2000) | Dec (J2000) | Nearest HIP | Dist from HIP (arcmin) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-07-29 00:00 | 21:46:02.43 | -22:48:15.0 | HIP 107392 | 19.57 |
| 2026-07-29 12:00 | 21:46:41.27 | -23:01:45.3 | HIP 107530 | 32.76 |
| 2026-07-30 00:00 | 21:47:19.85 | -23:15:15.5 | HIP 107691 | 31.69 |
| 2026-07-30 12:00 | 21:47:58.15 | -23:28:45.3 | HIP 107691 | 16.09 |
| 2026-07-31 00:00 | 21:48:36.19 | -23:42:14.4 | HIP 107691 | 5.75 |
| 2026-07-31 12:00 | 21:49:13.95 | -23:55:42.5 | HIP 107641 | 16.30 |
| 2026-08-01 00:00 | 21:49:51.43 | -24:09:09.3 | HIP 107818 | 10.08 |
| 2026-08-01 12:00 | 21:50:28.64 | -24:22:34.5 | HIP 107818 | 11.47 |
| 2026-08-02 00:00 | 21:51:05.56 | -24:35:57.9 | HIP 107818 | 25.75 |
| 2026-08-02 12:00 | 21:51:42.21 | -24:49:19.0 | HIP 107765 | 31.70 |
| 2026-08-03 00:00 | 21:52:18.57 | -25:02:37.7 | HIP 107765 | 33.63 |
| 2026-08-03 12:00 | 21:52:54.65 | -25:15:53.6 | HIP 108086 | 33.70 |
| 2026-08-04 00:00 | 21:53:30.45 | -25:29:06.4 | HIP 108086 | 18.44 |
| 2026-08-04 12:00 | 21:54:05.96 | -25:42:15.8 | HIP 108086 | 4.90 |
| 2026-08-05 00:00 | 21:54:41.18 | -25:55:21.6 | HIP 108086 | 13.41 |
| 2026-08-05 12:00 | 21:55:16.12 | -26:08:23.4 | HIP 108086 | 28.26 |
| 2026-08-06 00:00 | 21:55:50.77 | -26:21:20.9 | HIP 108346 | 17.62 |
| 2026-08-06 12:00 | 21:56:25.14 | -26:34:13.9 | HIP 108346 | 9.93 |
| 2026-08-07 00:00 | 21:56:59.22 | -26:47:02.0 | HIP 108343 | 13.91 |
| 2026-08-07 12:00 | 21:57:33.01 | -26:59:45.0 | HIP 108343 | 7.32 |
| 2026-08-08 00:00 | 21:58:06.53 | -27:12:22.6 | HIP 108343 | 18.60 |
| 2026-08-08 12:00 | 21:58:39.76 | -27:24:54.4 | HIP 108571 | 17.76 |
| 2026-08-09 00:00 | 21:59:12.71 | -27:37:20.2 | HIP 108571 | 4.90 |
| 2026-08-09 12:00 | 21:59:45.38 | -27:49:39.8 | HIP 108571 | 12.07 |
| 2026-08-10 00:00 | 22:00:17.79 | -28:01:52.8 | HIP 108707 | 21.59 |
| 2026-08-10 12:00 | 22:00:49.92 | -28:13:58.9 | HIP 108707 | 7.72 |
| 2026-08-11 00:00 | 22:01:21.79 | -28:25:57.9 | HIP 108707 | 6.69 |
| 2026-08-11 12:00 | 22:01:53.39 | -28:37:49.6 | HIP 108661 | 17.46 |
| 2026-08-12 00:00 | 22:02:24.74 | -28:49:33.6 | HIP 108661 | 30.48 |
| 2026-08-12 12:00 | 22:02:55.83 | -29:01:09.7 | HIP 108908 | 21.78 |
| 2026-08-13 00:00 | 22:03:26.67 | -29:12:37.6 | HIP 108908 | 8.60 |
| 2026-08-13 12:00 | 22:03:57.28 | -29:23:57.2 | HIP 108908 | 5.07 |
| 2026-08-14 00:00 | 22:04:27.64 | -29:35:08.1 | HIP 108908 | 17.82 |
| 2026-08-14 12:00 | 22:04:57.77 | -29:46:10.3 | HIP 108952 | 11.49 |
| 2026-08-15 00:00 | 22:05:27.68 | -29:57:03.3 | HIP 108952 | 13.99 |
| 2026-08-15 12:00 | 22:05:57.36 | -30:07:47.1 | HIP 108952 | 23.95 |
| 2026-08-16 00:00 | 22:06:26.83 | -30:18:21.4 | HIP 109207 | 14.97 |
| 2026-08-16 12:00 | 22:06:56.09 | -30:28:46.1 | HIP 109207 | 7.34 |
| 2026-08-17 00:00 | 22:07:25.14 | -30:39:01.0 | HIP 109259 | 12.93 |
| 2026-08-17 12:00 | 22:07:53.99 | -30:49:05.8 | HIP 109259 | 3.17 |
| 2026-08-18 00:00 | 22:08:22.64 | -30:59:00.5 | HIP 109259 | 11.36 |
| 2026-08-18 12:00 | 22:08:51.10 | -31:08:44.8 | HIP 109259 | 22.63 |
| 2026-08-19 00:00 | 22:09:19.38 | -31:18:18.7 | HIP 109321 | 27.78 |