10P/Tempel 2
Metadata
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Designation | 10P/Tempel 2 |
| Type | P |
| Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) | 2015-11-14T06:07:04.422720Z |
| Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) | 2026-09-21T09:57:53Z |
| Obs used | 6897 |
| NEO | - |
| M1 | 13.300 |
| K1 | 7.250 |
| PC | - |
Osculating Elements
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) | 2017-06-10.0000000 |
| e | 0.53748949 |
| q (au) | 1.416725 |
| a (au) | 3.063119 |
| i (deg) | 12.031174 |
| Ω (om, deg) | 117.795810 |
| ω (w, deg) | 195.511643 |
| M (ma, deg) | 105.481751 |
Magnitude
Scatter + Global Linear
$$ M_a = (11.149 + 6.000\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta $$ $$ \theta = 180^\circ - \alpha $$ $$ \Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b) $$ $$ \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1 $$
Model Parameters
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| H0 | 11.149 |
| n | 6.000 |
| gf | 1.000 |
| gb | -0.812 |
| k | 0.800 |
| δ90 | 10.000 |
| Parameter | Symbol | Range | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Absolute magnitude at 1 AU from Sun and Earth | H0 | -5 to 20 | Intrinsic brightness of the comet |
| Photometric slope parameter | n | 2 to 6 | Rate of brightness change with heliocentric distance |
| Forward scattering asymmetry factor | gf |
0.8 to 1 | Degree of forward scattering |
| Backward scattering asymmetry factor | gb |
-1 to -0.5 | Degree of backward scattering |
| Partitioning coefficient | k | 0.8 to 1 | Ratio between forward/backward scattering contributions |
| Dust-to-gas brightness ratio | δ90 | 1 to 10 | Relative contribution of dust scattering to gas emission |
Reference: EPSC-DPS2025-160
Residuals (Piecewise)
$$\epsilon = a \log_{10} r_{\mathrm{au}} + b$$
| Start (UTC) | End (UTC) | a | b |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023-12-15 | 2026-05-24 | +30.5566 | -5.298 |
| 2026-05-24 | 2026-09-22 | -1.6658 | +2.273 |
log10 r = log10(heliocentric distance / AU), Δ = geocentric distance (AU)
Finding Chart
Ephemeris
| Date/Time (UTC) | RA (J2000) | Dec (J2000) | Nearest HIP | Dist from HIP (arcmin) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-09-20 00:00 | 22:36:54.45 | -34:59:15.6 | HIP 111579 | 27.21 |
| 2026-09-20 12:00 | 22:37:21.56 | -34:57:02.9 | HIP 111579 | 27.29 |
| 2026-09-21 00:00 | 22:37:48.80 | -34:54:41.8 | HIP 111579 | 28.56 |
| 2026-09-21 12:00 | 22:38:16.18 | -34:52:12.4 | HIP 111897 | 27.74 |
| 2026-09-22 00:00 | 22:38:43.68 | -34:49:34.8 | HIP 111897 | 25.87 |
| 2026-09-22 12:00 | 22:39:11.32 | -34:46:49.1 | HIP 111897 | 25.53 |
| 2026-09-23 00:00 | 22:39:39.10 | -34:43:55.4 | HIP 111897 | 26.84 |
| 2026-09-23 12:00 | 22:40:07.01 | -34:40:53.8 | HIP 111897 | 29.64 |
| 2026-09-24 00:00 | 22:40:35.06 | -34:37:44.5 | HIP 112091 | 29.47 |
| 2026-09-24 12:00 | 22:41:03.25 | -34:34:27.6 | HIP 112091 | 23.14 |
| 2026-09-25 00:00 | 22:41:31.57 | -34:31:03.3 | HIP 112091 | 16.95 |
| 2026-09-25 12:00 | 22:42:00.03 | -34:27:31.5 | HIP 112091 | 11.30 |
| 2026-09-26 00:00 | 22:42:28.63 | -34:23:52.5 | HIP 112091 | 7.77 |
| 2026-09-26 12:00 | 22:42:57.37 | -34:20:06.4 | HIP 112091 | 9.44 |
| 2026-09-27 00:00 | 22:43:26.24 | -34:16:13.2 | HIP 112196 | 13.12 |
| 2026-09-27 12:00 | 22:43:55.26 | -34:12:13.1 | HIP 112196 | 18.18 |
| 2026-09-28 00:00 | 22:44:24.41 | -34:08:06.3 | HIP 112196 | 24.46 |
| 2026-09-28 12:00 | 22:44:53.71 | -34:03:52.7 | HIP 112397 | 20.14 |
| 2026-09-29 00:00 | 22:45:23.14 | -33:59:32.6 | HIP 112397 | 12.98 |
| 2026-09-29 12:00 | 22:45:52.71 | -33:55:06.0 | HIP 112397 | 6.48 |
| 2026-09-30 00:00 | 22:46:22.42 | -33:50:33.0 | HIP 112397 | 5.50 |
| 2026-09-30 12:00 | 22:46:52.26 | -33:45:53.8 | HIP 112397 | 11.72 |
| 2026-10-01 00:00 | 22:47:22.25 | -33:41:08.4 | HIP 112397 | 19.17 |
| 2026-10-01 12:00 | 22:47:52.38 | -33:36:16.9 | HIP 112686 | 23.46 |
| 2026-10-02 00:00 | 22:48:22.65 | -33:31:19.5 | HIP 112686 | 24.00 |
| 2026-10-02 12:00 | 22:48:53.06 | -33:26:16.2 | HIP 112786 | 23.15 |
| 2026-10-03 00:00 | 22:49:23.61 | -33:21:07.1 | HIP 112786 | 22.15 |
| 2026-10-03 12:00 | 22:49:54.30 | -33:15:52.3 | HIP 112786 | 24.15 |
| 2026-10-04 00:00 | 22:50:25.14 | -33:10:32.0 | HIP 112855 | 16.37 |
| 2026-10-04 12:00 | 22:50:56.12 | -33:05:06.1 | HIP 112855 | 8.13 |
| 2026-10-05 00:00 | 22:51:27.25 | -32:59:34.9 | HIP 112855 | 2.67 |
| 2026-10-05 12:00 | 22:51:58.52 | -32:53:58.3 | HIP 112948 | 7.09 |
| 2026-10-06 00:00 | 22:52:29.93 | -32:48:16.5 | HIP 112948 | 4.27 |
| 2026-10-06 12:00 | 22:53:01.50 | -32:42:29.6 | HIP 112948 | 11.84 |
| 2026-10-07 00:00 | 22:53:33.21 | -32:36:37.6 | HIP 112948 | 20.52 |
| 2026-10-07 12:00 | 22:54:05.07 | -32:30:40.7 | HIP 113246 | 23.63 |
| 2026-10-08 00:00 | 22:54:37.08 | -32:24:38.9 | HIP 113246 | 18.52 |
| 2026-10-08 12:00 | 22:55:09.24 | -32:18:32.3 | HIP 113246 | 17.11 |
| 2026-10-09 00:00 | 22:55:41.55 | -32:12:21.0 | HIP 113246 | 20.29 |
| 2026-10-09 12:00 | 22:56:14.01 | -32:06:05.1 | HIP 113213 | 21.91 |
| 2026-10-10 00:00 | 22:56:46.63 | -31:59:44.8 | HIP 113213 | 20.52 |
| 2026-10-10 12:00 | 22:57:19.39 | -31:53:19.9 | HIP 113431 | 16.57 |
| 2026-10-11 00:00 | 22:57:52.31 | -31:46:50.8 | HIP 113431 | 17.51 |