| Parameter |
Value |
| Designation |
134P/Kowal-Vavrova |
| Type |
P |
| Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) |
2014-05-21T10:44:38.575680Z |
| Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) |
2021-04-15T23:27:38Z |
| Obs used |
1061 |
| NEO |
- |
| M1 |
5.300 |
| K1 |
21.000 |
| PC |
0.030 |
Osculating Elements
| Parameter |
Value |
| Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) |
2013-07-03.0000000 |
| e |
0.58715335 |
| q (au) |
2.571725 |
| a (au) |
6.229249 |
| i (deg) |
4.348711 |
| Ω (om, deg) |
202.123430 |
| ω (w, deg) |
18.560225 |
| M (ma, deg) |
339.558643 |
Magnitude
Scatter + Global Linear
$$
M_a = (8.230 + 6.000\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta
$$
$$
\theta = 180^\circ - \alpha
$$
$$
\Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b)
$$
$$
\Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1
$$
Model Parameters
| Parameter |
Value |
| H0 |
8.230 |
| n |
6.000 |
| gf |
0.888 |
| gb |
-0.500 |
| k |
0.907 |
| δ90 |
1.584 |
| Parameter |
Symbol |
Range |
Description |
| Absolute magnitude at 1 AU from Sun and Earth |
H0 |
-5 to 20 |
Intrinsic brightness of the comet |
| Photometric slope parameter |
n |
2 to 6 |
Rate of brightness change with heliocentric distance |
| Forward scattering asymmetry factor |
gf |
0.8 to 1 |
Degree of forward scattering |
| Backward scattering asymmetry factor |
gb |
-1 to -0.5 |
Degree of backward scattering |
| Partitioning coefficient |
k |
0.8 to 1 |
Ratio between forward/backward scattering contributions |
| Dust-to-gas brightness ratio |
δ90 |
1 to 10 |
Relative contribution of dust scattering to gas emission |
Reference: EPSC-DPS2025-160
Residuals (Piecewise)
$$\epsilon = a \log_{10} r_{\mathrm{au}} + b$$
| Start (UTC) |
End (UTC) |
a |
b |
| 2013-01-17 |
2013-08-04 |
+16.7648 |
-10.378 |
| 2013-08-04 |
2014-05-21 |
-10.4857 |
+4.216 |
| 2014-05-21 |
2015-09-08 |
+8.7931 |
-3.959 |
log10 r = log10(heliocentric distance / AU), Δ = geocentric distance (AU)
Ephemeris
| Date/Time (UTC) |
RA (J2000) |
Dec (J2000) |
Nearest HIP |
Dist from HIP (arcmin) |
| 2026-06-01 00:00 |
05:04:02.55 |
+19:38:01.6 |
HIP 23695 |
23.49 |
| 2026-06-01 12:00 |
05:04:20.27 |
+19:38:25.0 |
HIP 23695 |
19.64 |
| 2026-06-02 00:00 |
05:04:38.01 |
+19:38:48.3 |
HIP 23695 |
15.94 |
| 2026-06-02 12:00 |
05:04:55.77 |
+19:39:11.3 |
HIP 23695 |
12.57 |
| 2026-06-03 00:00 |
05:05:13.54 |
+19:39:34.2 |
HIP 23695 |
9.86 |
| 2026-06-03 12:00 |
05:05:31.32 |
+19:39:56.9 |
HIP 23695 |
8.46 |
| 2026-06-04 00:00 |
05:05:49.13 |
+19:40:19.5 |
HIP 23695 |
9.02 |
| 2026-06-04 12:00 |
05:06:06.94 |
+19:40:41.8 |
HIP 23695 |
11.25 |
| 2026-06-05 00:00 |
05:06:24.77 |
+19:41:04.0 |
HIP 23695 |
14.40 |
| 2026-06-05 12:00 |
05:06:42.62 |
+19:41:25.9 |
HIP 23695 |
18.00 |
| 2026-06-06 00:00 |
05:07:00.47 |
+19:41:47.7 |
HIP 23695 |
21.82 |
| 2026-06-06 12:00 |
05:07:18.34 |
+19:42:09.3 |
HIP 23949 |
23.63 |
| 2026-06-07 00:00 |
05:07:36.22 |
+19:42:30.7 |
HIP 23949 |
19.68 |
| 2026-06-07 12:00 |
05:07:54.11 |
+19:42:51.9 |
HIP 23949 |
15.87 |
| 2026-06-08 00:00 |
05:08:12.01 |
+19:43:12.9 |
HIP 23949 |
12.32 |
| 2026-06-08 12:00 |
05:08:29.92 |
+19:43:33.7 |
HIP 23949 |
9.37 |
| 2026-06-09 00:00 |
05:08:47.84 |
+19:43:54.4 |
HIP 23949 |
7.71 |
| 2026-06-09 12:00 |
05:09:05.77 |
+19:44:14.8 |
HIP 23949 |
8.19 |
| 2026-06-10 00:00 |
05:09:23.71 |
+19:44:35.0 |
HIP 23949 |
10.51 |
| 2026-06-10 12:00 |
05:09:41.66 |
+19:44:55.0 |
HIP 23949 |
13.78 |
| 2026-06-11 00:00 |
05:09:59.61 |
+19:45:14.9 |
HIP 23949 |
17.47 |
| 2026-06-11 12:00 |
05:10:17.57 |
+19:45:34.5 |
HIP 23949 |
21.36 |
| 2026-06-12 00:00 |
05:10:35.53 |
+19:45:53.9 |
HIP 23949 |
25.37 |
| 2026-06-12 12:00 |
05:10:53.50 |
+19:46:13.1 |
HIP 24284 |
26.32 |
| 2026-06-13 00:00 |
05:11:11.47 |
+19:46:32.1 |
HIP 24284 |
22.33 |
| 2026-06-13 12:00 |
05:11:29.45 |
+19:46:50.9 |
HIP 24284 |
18.44 |
| 2026-06-14 00:00 |
05:11:47.42 |
+19:47:09.5 |
HIP 24284 |
14.76 |
| 2026-06-14 12:00 |
05:12:05.40 |
+19:47:27.9 |
HIP 24284 |
11.47 |
| 2026-06-15 00:00 |
05:12:23.39 |
+19:47:46.1 |
HIP 24301 |
8.25 |
| 2026-06-15 12:00 |
05:12:41.37 |
+19:48:04.1 |
HIP 24301 |
5.41 |
| 2026-06-16 00:00 |
05:12:59.35 |
+19:48:21.8 |
HIP 24301 |
5.14 |
| 2026-06-16 12:00 |
05:13:17.33 |
+19:48:39.4 |
HIP 24301 |
7.72 |
| 2026-06-17 00:00 |
05:13:35.31 |
+19:48:56.7 |
HIP 24301 |
11.34 |
| 2026-06-17 12:00 |
05:13:53.29 |
+19:49:13.8 |
HIP 24301 |
15.28 |
| 2026-06-18 00:00 |
05:14:11.26 |
+19:49:30.8 |
HIP 24301 |
19.34 |
| 2026-06-18 12:00 |
05:14:29.23 |
+19:49:47.4 |
HIP 24480 |
16.83 |
| 2026-06-19 00:00 |
05:14:47.20 |
+19:50:03.9 |
HIP 24480 |
14.49 |
| 2026-06-19 12:00 |
05:15:05.16 |
+19:50:20.2 |
HIP 24535 |
12.64 |
| 2026-06-20 00:00 |
05:15:23.12 |
+19:50:36.2 |
HIP 24535 |
9.20 |
| 2026-06-20 12:00 |
05:15:41.07 |
+19:50:52.1 |
HIP 24535 |
6.73 |
| 2026-06-21 00:00 |
05:15:59.01 |
+19:51:07.7 |
HIP 24535 |
6.46 |
| 2026-06-21 12:00 |
05:16:16.94 |
+19:51:23.1 |
HIP 24535 |
8.59 |
| 2026-06-22 00:00 |
05:16:34.87 |
+19:51:38.3 |
HIP 24535 |
11.90 |