| Parameter |
Value |
| Designation |
178P/Hug-Bell |
| Type |
P |
| Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) |
2020-07-17T18:08:14.285760Z |
| Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) |
2026-08-13T12:29:57Z |
| Obs used |
769 |
| NEO |
- |
| M1 |
13.500 |
| K1 |
10.250 |
| PC |
0.030 |
Osculating Elements
| Parameter |
Value |
| Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) |
2017-12-12.0000000 |
| e |
0.47866979 |
| q (au) |
1.903522 |
| a (au) |
3.651280 |
| i (deg) |
11.010427 |
| Ω (om, deg) |
103.092697 |
| ω (w, deg) |
296.951233 |
| M (ma, deg) |
225.973452 |
Magnitude
Scatter + Global Linear
$$
M_a = (12.018 + 4.996\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta
$$
$$
\theta = 180^\circ - \alpha
$$
$$
\Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b)
$$
$$
\Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1
$$
Model Parameters
| Parameter |
Value |
| H0 |
12.018 |
| n |
4.996 |
| gf |
1.000 |
| gb |
-0.833 |
| k |
0.999 |
| δ90 |
10.000 |
| Parameter |
Symbol |
Range |
Description |
| Absolute magnitude at 1 AU from Sun and Earth |
H0 |
-5 to 20 |
Intrinsic brightness of the comet |
| Photometric slope parameter |
n |
2 to 6 |
Rate of brightness change with heliocentric distance |
| Forward scattering asymmetry factor |
gf |
0.8 to 1 |
Degree of forward scattering |
| Backward scattering asymmetry factor |
gb |
-1 to -0.5 |
Degree of backward scattering |
| Partitioning coefficient |
k |
0.8 to 1 |
Ratio between forward/backward scattering contributions |
| Dust-to-gas brightness ratio |
δ90 |
1 to 10 |
Relative contribution of dust scattering to gas emission |
Reference: EPSC-DPS2025-160
Finding Chart
Ephemeris
| Date/Time (UTC) |
RA (J2000) |
Dec (J2000) |
Nearest HIP |
Dist from HIP (arcmin) |
| 2026-09-20 00:00 |
19:22:06.52 |
-27:50:41.8 |
HIP 95075 |
21.86 |
| 2026-09-20 12:00 |
19:22:12.46 |
-27:50:54.9 |
HIP 95075 |
22.97 |
| 2026-09-21 00:00 |
19:22:18.81 |
-27:51:06.9 |
HIP 95075 |
24.19 |
| 2026-09-21 12:00 |
19:22:25.57 |
-27:51:17.9 |
HIP 95386 |
24.11 |
| 2026-09-22 00:00 |
19:22:32.74 |
-27:51:27.7 |
HIP 95386 |
22.53 |
| 2026-09-22 12:00 |
19:22:40.31 |
-27:51:36.5 |
HIP 95386 |
20.87 |
| 2026-09-23 00:00 |
19:22:48.28 |
-27:51:44.2 |
HIP 95386 |
19.11 |
| 2026-09-23 12:00 |
19:22:56.65 |
-27:51:50.8 |
HIP 95386 |
17.27 |
| 2026-09-24 00:00 |
19:23:05.43 |
-27:51:56.4 |
HIP 95386 |
15.35 |
| 2026-09-24 12:00 |
19:23:14.60 |
-27:52:01.0 |
HIP 95386 |
13.33 |
| 2026-09-25 00:00 |
19:23:24.17 |
-27:52:04.4 |
HIP 95386 |
11.24 |
| 2026-09-25 12:00 |
19:23:34.14 |
-27:52:06.9 |
HIP 95386 |
9.06 |
| 2026-09-26 00:00 |
19:23:44.51 |
-27:52:08.2 |
HIP 95386 |
6.81 |
| 2026-09-26 12:00 |
19:23:55.27 |
-27:52:08.6 |
HIP 95386 |
4.52 |
| 2026-09-27 00:00 |
19:24:06.42 |
-27:52:07.8 |
HIP 95386 |
2.32 |
| 2026-09-27 12:00 |
19:24:17.96 |
-27:52:06.1 |
HIP 95386 |
1.60 |
| 2026-09-28 00:00 |
19:24:29.89 |
-27:52:03.3 |
HIP 95408 |
0.12 |
| 2026-09-28 12:00 |
19:24:42.21 |
-27:51:59.5 |
HIP 95408 |
2.66 |
| 2026-09-29 00:00 |
19:24:54.92 |
-27:51:54.6 |
HIP 95408 |
5.47 |
| 2026-09-29 12:00 |
19:25:08.02 |
-27:51:48.7 |
HIP 95408 |
8.37 |
| 2026-09-30 00:00 |
19:25:21.50 |
-27:51:41.8 |
HIP 95408 |
11.35 |
| 2026-09-30 12:00 |
19:25:35.36 |
-27:51:33.8 |
HIP 95408 |
14.41 |
| 2026-10-01 00:00 |
19:25:49.61 |
-27:51:24.8 |
HIP 95408 |
17.57 |
| 2026-10-01 12:00 |
19:26:04.24 |
-27:51:14.8 |
HIP 95408 |
20.80 |
| 2026-10-02 00:00 |
19:26:19.25 |
-27:51:03.7 |
HIP 95408 |
24.12 |
| 2026-10-02 12:00 |
19:26:34.63 |
-27:50:51.6 |
HIP 95408 |
27.53 |
| 2026-10-03 00:00 |
19:26:50.40 |
-27:50:38.5 |
HIP 95408 |
31.02 |
| 2026-10-03 12:00 |
19:27:06.54 |
-27:50:24.4 |
HIP 95408 |
34.60 |
| 2026-10-04 00:00 |
19:27:23.06 |
-27:50:09.2 |
HIP 95408 |
38.26 |
| 2026-10-04 12:00 |
19:27:39.95 |
-27:49:52.9 |
HIP 95887 |
35.63 |
| 2026-10-05 00:00 |
19:27:57.21 |
-27:49:35.7 |
HIP 95887 |
32.10 |
| 2026-10-05 12:00 |
19:28:14.84 |
-27:49:17.4 |
HIP 95887 |
28.57 |
| 2026-10-06 00:00 |
19:28:32.85 |
-27:48:58.1 |
HIP 95887 |
25.08 |
| 2026-10-06 12:00 |
19:28:51.22 |
-27:48:37.7 |
HIP 95887 |
21.69 |
| 2026-10-07 00:00 |
19:29:09.96 |
-27:48:16.3 |
HIP 95887 |
18.51 |
| 2026-10-07 12:00 |
19:29:29.06 |
-27:47:53.9 |
HIP 95887 |
15.73 |
| 2026-10-08 00:00 |
19:29:48.53 |
-27:47:30.4 |
HIP 95887 |
13.70 |
| 2026-10-08 12:00 |
19:30:08.36 |
-27:47:05.9 |
HIP 95887 |
12.84 |
| 2026-10-09 00:00 |
19:30:28.56 |
-27:46:40.3 |
HIP 95887 |
13.47 |
| 2026-10-09 12:00 |
19:30:49.11 |
-27:46:13.7 |
HIP 95887 |
15.47 |
| 2026-10-10 00:00 |
19:31:10.02 |
-27:45:46.1 |
HIP 95887 |
18.47 |
| 2026-10-10 12:00 |
19:31:31.28 |
-27:45:17.4 |
HIP 96124 |
21.95 |
| 2026-10-11 00:00 |
19:31:52.90 |
-27:44:47.7 |
HIP 96124 |
19.36 |