| Parameter |
Value |
| Designation |
C/1894 G1 (Gale) |
| Type |
C |
| Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) |
1894-04-13T21:03:24.776640Z |
| Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) |
2023-12-04T20:32:28Z |
| Obs used |
45 |
| NEO |
- |
| M1 |
- |
| K1 |
- |
| PC |
- |
Osculating Elements
| Parameter |
Value |
| Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) |
1894-06-04.0000000 |
| e |
0.98894455 |
| q (au) |
0.982984 |
| a (au) |
88.914014 |
| i (deg) |
86.958520 |
| Ω (om, deg) |
207.890404 |
| ω (w, deg) |
324.173891 |
| M (ma, deg) |
0.060098 |
Magnitude
Scatter + Global Linear
$$
M_a = (H_0 + n\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta
$$
$$
\theta = 180^\circ - \alpha
$$
$$
\Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b)
$$
$$
\Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1
$$
Model Parameters
| Parameter |
Value |
| H0 |
- |
| n |
- |
| gf |
- |
| gb |
- |
| k |
- |
| δ90 |
- |
| Parameter |
Symbol |
Range |
Description |
| Absolute magnitude at 1 AU from Sun and Earth |
H0 |
-5 to 20 |
Intrinsic brightness of the comet |
| Photometric slope parameter |
n |
2 to 6 |
Rate of brightness change with heliocentric distance |
| Forward scattering asymmetry factor |
gf |
0.8 to 1 |
Degree of forward scattering |
| Backward scattering asymmetry factor |
gb |
-1 to -0.5 |
Degree of backward scattering |
| Partitioning coefficient |
k |
0.8 to 1 |
Ratio between forward/backward scattering contributions |
| Dust-to-gas brightness ratio |
δ90 |
1 to 10 |
Relative contribution of dust scattering to gas emission |
Reference: EPSC-DPS2025-160
Ephemeris
| Date/Time (UTC) |
RA (J2000) |
Dec (J2000) |
Nearest HIP |
Dist from HIP (arcmin) |
| 2026-09-20 00:00 |
00:09:44.24 |
+47:45:10.6 |
HIP 889 |
24.58 |
| 2026-09-20 12:00 |
00:09:42.89 |
+47:45:07.3 |
HIP 889 |
24.74 |
| 2026-09-21 00:00 |
00:09:41.55 |
+47:45:03.9 |
HIP 889 |
24.90 |
| 2026-09-21 12:00 |
00:09:40.20 |
+47:45:00.4 |
HIP 889 |
25.06 |
| 2026-09-22 00:00 |
00:09:38.85 |
+47:44:56.8 |
HIP 889 |
25.23 |
| 2026-09-22 12:00 |
00:09:37.50 |
+47:44:53.1 |
HIP 889 |
25.40 |
| 2026-09-23 00:00 |
00:09:36.15 |
+47:44:49.4 |
HIP 889 |
25.57 |
| 2026-09-23 12:00 |
00:09:34.79 |
+47:44:45.5 |
HIP 889 |
25.75 |
| 2026-09-24 00:00 |
00:09:33.44 |
+47:44:41.5 |
HIP 889 |
25.92 |
| 2026-09-24 12:00 |
00:09:32.09 |
+47:44:37.4 |
HIP 889 |
26.10 |
| 2026-09-25 00:00 |
00:09:30.74 |
+47:44:33.3 |
HIP 889 |
26.28 |
| 2026-09-25 12:00 |
00:09:29.38 |
+47:44:29.0 |
HIP 889 |
26.46 |
| 2026-09-26 00:00 |
00:09:28.03 |
+47:44:24.6 |
HIP 889 |
26.65 |
| 2026-09-26 12:00 |
00:09:26.68 |
+47:44:20.2 |
HIP 826 |
26.79 |
| 2026-09-27 00:00 |
00:09:25.32 |
+47:44:15.6 |
HIP 826 |
26.78 |
| 2026-09-27 12:00 |
00:09:23.97 |
+47:44:11.0 |
HIP 826 |
26.76 |
| 2026-09-28 00:00 |
00:09:22.62 |
+47:44:06.3 |
HIP 826 |
26.75 |
| 2026-09-28 12:00 |
00:09:21.27 |
+47:44:01.4 |
HIP 826 |
26.74 |
| 2026-09-29 00:00 |
00:09:19.92 |
+47:43:56.5 |
HIP 826 |
26.73 |
| 2026-09-29 12:00 |
00:09:18.56 |
+47:43:51.5 |
HIP 826 |
26.72 |
| 2026-09-30 00:00 |
00:09:17.21 |
+47:43:46.4 |
HIP 826 |
26.70 |
| 2026-09-30 12:00 |
00:09:15.87 |
+47:43:41.2 |
HIP 826 |
26.69 |
| 2026-10-01 00:00 |
00:09:14.52 |
+47:43:35.9 |
HIP 826 |
26.69 |
| 2026-10-01 12:00 |
00:09:13.17 |
+47:43:30.5 |
HIP 826 |
26.68 |
| 2026-10-02 00:00 |
00:09:11.82 |
+47:43:25.1 |
HIP 826 |
26.67 |
| 2026-10-02 12:00 |
00:09:10.48 |
+47:43:19.5 |
HIP 826 |
26.66 |
| 2026-10-03 00:00 |
00:09:09.13 |
+47:43:13.8 |
HIP 826 |
26.66 |
| 2026-10-03 12:00 |
00:09:07.79 |
+47:43:08.1 |
HIP 826 |
26.65 |
| 2026-10-04 00:00 |
00:09:06.45 |
+47:43:02.3 |
HIP 826 |
26.65 |
| 2026-10-04 12:00 |
00:09:05.11 |
+47:42:56.3 |
HIP 826 |
26.64 |
| 2026-10-05 00:00 |
00:09:03.77 |
+47:42:50.3 |
HIP 826 |
26.64 |
| 2026-10-05 12:00 |
00:09:02.44 |
+47:42:44.2 |
HIP 826 |
26.64 |
| 2026-10-06 00:00 |
00:09:01.10 |
+47:42:38.0 |
HIP 826 |
26.64 |
| 2026-10-06 12:00 |
00:08:59.77 |
+47:42:31.8 |
HIP 826 |
26.64 |
| 2026-10-07 00:00 |
00:08:58.44 |
+47:42:25.4 |
HIP 826 |
26.64 |
| 2026-10-07 12:00 |
00:08:57.12 |
+47:42:18.9 |
HIP 826 |
26.64 |
| 2026-10-08 00:00 |
00:08:55.79 |
+47:42:12.4 |
HIP 826 |
26.64 |
| 2026-10-08 12:00 |
00:08:54.47 |
+47:42:05.8 |
HIP 826 |
26.64 |
| 2026-10-09 00:00 |
00:08:53.15 |
+47:41:59.0 |
HIP 826 |
26.65 |
| 2026-10-09 12:00 |
00:08:51.83 |
+47:41:52.2 |
HIP 826 |
26.65 |
| 2026-10-10 00:00 |
00:08:50.52 |
+47:41:45.4 |
HIP 826 |
26.66 |
| 2026-10-10 12:00 |
00:08:49.21 |
+47:41:38.4 |
HIP 826 |
26.66 |
| 2026-10-11 00:00 |
00:08:47.90 |
+47:41:31.3 |
HIP 826 |
26.67 |