| Parameter |
Value |
| Designation |
C/1894 G1 (Gale) |
| Type |
C |
| Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) |
1894-04-13T21:03:24.776640Z |
| Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) |
2023-12-04T20:32:28Z |
| Obs used |
45 |
| NEO |
- |
| M1 |
- |
| K1 |
- |
| PC |
- |
Osculating Elements
| Parameter |
Value |
| Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) |
1894-06-04.0000000 |
| e |
0.98894455 |
| q (au) |
0.982984 |
| a (au) |
88.914014 |
| i (deg) |
86.958520 |
| Ω (om, deg) |
207.890404 |
| ω (w, deg) |
324.173891 |
| M (ma, deg) |
0.060098 |
Magnitude
Scatter + Global Linear
$$
M_a = (H_0 + n\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta
$$
$$
\theta = 180^\circ - \alpha
$$
$$
\Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b)
$$
$$
\Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1
$$
Model Parameters
| Parameter |
Value |
| H0 |
- |
| n |
- |
| gf |
- |
| gb |
- |
| k |
- |
| δ90 |
- |
| Parameter |
Symbol |
Range |
Description |
| Absolute magnitude at 1 AU from Sun and Earth |
H0 |
-5 to 20 |
Intrinsic brightness of the comet |
| Photometric slope parameter |
n |
2 to 6 |
Rate of brightness change with heliocentric distance |
| Forward scattering asymmetry factor |
gf |
0.8 to 1 |
Degree of forward scattering |
| Backward scattering asymmetry factor |
gb |
-1 to -0.5 |
Degree of backward scattering |
| Partitioning coefficient |
k |
0.8 to 1 |
Ratio between forward/backward scattering contributions |
| Dust-to-gas brightness ratio |
δ90 |
1 to 10 |
Relative contribution of dust scattering to gas emission |
Reference: EPSC-DPS2025-160
Ephemeris
| Date/Time (UTC) |
RA (J2000) |
Dec (J2000) |
Nearest HIP |
Dist from HIP (arcmin) |
| 2026-07-29 00:00 |
00:11:41.57 |
+47:41:50.4 |
HIP 980 |
13.08 |
| 2026-07-29 12:00 |
00:11:40.85 |
+47:41:57.0 |
HIP 980 |
13.23 |
| 2026-07-30 00:00 |
00:11:40.12 |
+47:42:03.5 |
HIP 980 |
13.37 |
| 2026-07-30 12:00 |
00:11:39.38 |
+47:42:10.0 |
HIP 980 |
13.51 |
| 2026-07-31 00:00 |
00:11:38.64 |
+47:42:16.4 |
HIP 980 |
13.66 |
| 2026-07-31 12:00 |
00:11:37.88 |
+47:42:22.7 |
HIP 980 |
13.80 |
| 2026-08-01 00:00 |
00:11:37.11 |
+47:42:28.9 |
HIP 980 |
13.94 |
| 2026-08-01 12:00 |
00:11:36.33 |
+47:42:35.1 |
HIP 980 |
14.09 |
| 2026-08-02 00:00 |
00:11:35.55 |
+47:42:41.1 |
HIP 980 |
14.23 |
| 2026-08-02 12:00 |
00:11:34.75 |
+47:42:47.1 |
HIP 980 |
14.37 |
| 2026-08-03 00:00 |
00:11:33.95 |
+47:42:53.0 |
HIP 980 |
14.51 |
| 2026-08-03 12:00 |
00:11:33.13 |
+47:42:58.8 |
HIP 980 |
14.66 |
| 2026-08-04 00:00 |
00:11:32.31 |
+47:43:04.6 |
HIP 980 |
14.80 |
| 2026-08-04 12:00 |
00:11:31.48 |
+47:43:10.2 |
HIP 980 |
14.94 |
| 2026-08-05 00:00 |
00:11:30.63 |
+47:43:15.8 |
HIP 980 |
15.08 |
| 2026-08-05 12:00 |
00:11:29.78 |
+47:43:21.3 |
HIP 980 |
15.23 |
| 2026-08-06 00:00 |
00:11:28.92 |
+47:43:26.7 |
HIP 980 |
15.37 |
| 2026-08-06 12:00 |
00:11:28.06 |
+47:43:32.1 |
HIP 980 |
15.51 |
| 2026-08-07 00:00 |
00:11:27.18 |
+47:43:37.3 |
HIP 980 |
15.65 |
| 2026-08-07 12:00 |
00:11:26.29 |
+47:43:42.5 |
HIP 980 |
15.79 |
| 2026-08-08 00:00 |
00:11:25.40 |
+47:43:47.5 |
HIP 980 |
15.93 |
| 2026-08-08 12:00 |
00:11:24.49 |
+47:43:52.5 |
HIP 980 |
16.08 |
| 2026-08-09 00:00 |
00:11:23.58 |
+47:43:57.4 |
HIP 980 |
16.22 |
| 2026-08-09 12:00 |
00:11:22.66 |
+47:44:02.2 |
HIP 980 |
16.36 |
| 2026-08-10 00:00 |
00:11:21.73 |
+47:44:06.9 |
HIP 980 |
16.50 |
| 2026-08-10 12:00 |
00:11:20.80 |
+47:44:11.6 |
HIP 980 |
16.64 |
| 2026-08-11 00:00 |
00:11:19.85 |
+47:44:16.1 |
HIP 980 |
16.78 |
| 2026-08-11 12:00 |
00:11:18.90 |
+47:44:20.6 |
HIP 980 |
16.93 |
| 2026-08-12 00:00 |
00:11:17.93 |
+47:44:24.9 |
HIP 980 |
17.07 |
| 2026-08-12 12:00 |
00:11:16.96 |
+47:44:29.2 |
HIP 980 |
17.21 |
| 2026-08-13 00:00 |
00:11:15.99 |
+47:44:33.4 |
HIP 980 |
17.35 |
| 2026-08-13 12:00 |
00:11:15.00 |
+47:44:37.5 |
HIP 980 |
17.49 |
| 2026-08-14 00:00 |
00:11:14.01 |
+47:44:41.5 |
HIP 980 |
17.63 |
| 2026-08-14 12:00 |
00:11:13.00 |
+47:44:45.4 |
HIP 980 |
17.78 |
| 2026-08-15 00:00 |
00:11:11.99 |
+47:44:49.2 |
HIP 980 |
17.92 |
| 2026-08-15 12:00 |
00:11:10.98 |
+47:44:53.0 |
HIP 980 |
18.06 |
| 2026-08-16 00:00 |
00:11:09.95 |
+47:44:56.6 |
HIP 980 |
18.20 |
| 2026-08-16 12:00 |
00:11:08.92 |
+47:45:00.1 |
HIP 980 |
18.34 |
| 2026-08-17 00:00 |
00:11:07.88 |
+47:45:03.6 |
HIP 980 |
18.49 |
| 2026-08-17 12:00 |
00:11:06.83 |
+47:45:06.9 |
HIP 980 |
18.63 |
| 2026-08-18 00:00 |
00:11:05.78 |
+47:45:10.2 |
HIP 980 |
18.77 |
| 2026-08-18 12:00 |
00:11:04.71 |
+47:45:13.4 |
HIP 980 |
18.91 |
| 2026-08-19 00:00 |
00:11:03.64 |
+47:45:16.5 |
HIP 980 |
19.06 |