| Parameter |
Value |
| Designation |
C/1937 C1 (Whipple) |
| Type |
C |
| Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) |
1937-06-20T01:32:24.322560Z |
| Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) |
2024-02-20T20:16:47Z |
| Obs used |
53 |
| NEO |
- |
| M1 |
4.200 |
| K1 |
16.500 |
| PC |
0.030 |
Osculating Elements
| Parameter |
Value |
| Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) |
1937-05-22.0000000 |
| e |
1.00016227 |
| q (au) |
1.733769 |
| a (au) |
-10684.390242 |
| i (deg) |
41.551722 |
| Ω (om, deg) |
128.608063 |
| ω (w, deg) |
107.736032 |
| M (ma, deg) |
-0.000026 |
Magnitude
Scatter + Global Linear
$$
M_a = (4.940 + 6.000\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta
$$
$$
\theta = 180^\circ - \alpha
$$
$$
\Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b)
$$
$$
\Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1
$$
Model Parameters
| Parameter |
Value |
| H0 |
4.940 |
| n |
6.000 |
| gf |
1.000 |
| gb |
-0.526 |
| k |
0.800 |
| δ90 |
10.000 |
| Parameter |
Symbol |
Range |
Description |
| Absolute magnitude at 1 AU from Sun and Earth |
H0 |
-5 to 20 |
Intrinsic brightness of the comet |
| Photometric slope parameter |
n |
2 to 6 |
Rate of brightness change with heliocentric distance |
| Forward scattering asymmetry factor |
gf |
0.8 to 1 |
Degree of forward scattering |
| Backward scattering asymmetry factor |
gb |
-1 to -0.5 |
Degree of backward scattering |
| Partitioning coefficient |
k |
0.8 to 1 |
Ratio between forward/backward scattering contributions |
| Dust-to-gas brightness ratio |
δ90 |
1 to 10 |
Relative contribution of dust scattering to gas emission |
Reference: EPSC-DPS2025-160
Ephemeris
| Date/Time (UTC) |
RA (J2000) |
Dec (J2000) |
Nearest HIP |
Dist from HIP (arcmin) |
| 2026-07-29 00:00 |
03:35:00.48 |
-23:32:04.3 |
HIP 16783 |
13.52 |
| 2026-07-29 12:00 |
03:35:00.88 |
-23:32:13.5 |
HIP 16783 |
13.44 |
| 2026-07-30 00:00 |
03:35:01.28 |
-23:32:22.7 |
HIP 16783 |
13.37 |
| 2026-07-30 12:00 |
03:35:01.66 |
-23:32:32.1 |
HIP 16783 |
13.29 |
| 2026-07-31 00:00 |
03:35:02.04 |
-23:32:41.4 |
HIP 16783 |
13.23 |
| 2026-07-31 12:00 |
03:35:02.41 |
-23:32:50.9 |
HIP 16783 |
13.16 |
| 2026-08-01 00:00 |
03:35:02.76 |
-23:33:00.3 |
HIP 16783 |
13.10 |
| 2026-08-01 12:00 |
03:35:03.11 |
-23:33:09.9 |
HIP 16783 |
13.05 |
| 2026-08-02 00:00 |
03:35:03.45 |
-23:33:19.4 |
HIP 16783 |
13.00 |
| 2026-08-02 12:00 |
03:35:03.79 |
-23:33:29.1 |
HIP 16783 |
12.95 |
| 2026-08-03 00:00 |
03:35:04.11 |
-23:33:38.8 |
HIP 16783 |
12.91 |
| 2026-08-03 12:00 |
03:35:04.42 |
-23:33:48.5 |
HIP 16783 |
12.87 |
| 2026-08-04 00:00 |
03:35:04.73 |
-23:33:58.3 |
HIP 16783 |
12.84 |
| 2026-08-04 12:00 |
03:35:05.02 |
-23:34:08.1 |
HIP 16783 |
12.81 |
| 2026-08-05 00:00 |
03:35:05.31 |
-23:34:18.0 |
HIP 16783 |
12.79 |
| 2026-08-05 12:00 |
03:35:05.58 |
-23:34:27.9 |
HIP 16783 |
12.77 |
| 2026-08-06 00:00 |
03:35:05.85 |
-23:34:37.9 |
HIP 16783 |
12.76 |
| 2026-08-06 12:00 |
03:35:06.11 |
-23:34:47.9 |
HIP 16783 |
12.75 |
| 2026-08-07 00:00 |
03:35:06.35 |
-23:34:57.9 |
HIP 16783 |
12.74 |
| 2026-08-07 12:00 |
03:35:06.59 |
-23:35:08.0 |
HIP 16783 |
12.74 |
| 2026-08-08 00:00 |
03:35:06.82 |
-23:35:18.2 |
HIP 16783 |
12.75 |
| 2026-08-08 12:00 |
03:35:07.04 |
-23:35:28.3 |
HIP 16783 |
12.76 |
| 2026-08-09 00:00 |
03:35:07.25 |
-23:35:38.6 |
HIP 16783 |
12.77 |
| 2026-08-09 12:00 |
03:35:07.45 |
-23:35:48.8 |
HIP 16783 |
12.79 |
| 2026-08-10 00:00 |
03:35:07.65 |
-23:35:59.1 |
HIP 16783 |
12.82 |
| 2026-08-10 12:00 |
03:35:07.83 |
-23:36:09.5 |
HIP 16783 |
12.84 |
| 2026-08-11 00:00 |
03:35:08.00 |
-23:36:19.9 |
HIP 16783 |
12.88 |
| 2026-08-11 12:00 |
03:35:08.16 |
-23:36:30.3 |
HIP 16783 |
12.92 |
| 2026-08-12 00:00 |
03:35:08.31 |
-23:36:40.7 |
HIP 16783 |
12.96 |
| 2026-08-12 12:00 |
03:35:08.46 |
-23:36:51.2 |
HIP 16783 |
13.01 |
| 2026-08-13 00:00 |
03:35:08.59 |
-23:37:01.8 |
HIP 16783 |
13.06 |
| 2026-08-13 12:00 |
03:35:08.72 |
-23:37:12.3 |
HIP 16783 |
13.11 |
| 2026-08-14 00:00 |
03:35:08.83 |
-23:37:22.9 |
HIP 16783 |
13.17 |
| 2026-08-14 12:00 |
03:35:08.94 |
-23:37:33.6 |
HIP 16783 |
13.24 |
| 2026-08-15 00:00 |
03:35:09.03 |
-23:37:44.2 |
HIP 16783 |
13.31 |
| 2026-08-15 12:00 |
03:35:09.12 |
-23:37:54.9 |
HIP 16783 |
13.38 |
| 2026-08-16 00:00 |
03:35:09.19 |
-23:38:05.7 |
HIP 16783 |
13.46 |
| 2026-08-16 12:00 |
03:35:09.26 |
-23:38:16.4 |
HIP 16783 |
13.54 |
| 2026-08-17 00:00 |
03:35:09.31 |
-23:38:27.2 |
HIP 16783 |
13.62 |
| 2026-08-17 12:00 |
03:35:09.36 |
-23:38:38.0 |
HIP 16783 |
13.71 |
| 2026-08-18 00:00 |
03:35:09.40 |
-23:38:48.8 |
HIP 16783 |
13.81 |
| 2026-08-18 12:00 |
03:35:09.42 |
-23:38:59.7 |
HIP 16783 |
13.90 |
| 2026-08-19 00:00 |
03:35:09.44 |
-23:39:10.6 |
HIP 16783 |
14.00 |