| Parameter |
Value |
| Designation |
C/1975 X1 (Sato) |
| Type |
C |
| Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) |
1976-01-03T22:01:50.992320Z |
| Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) |
2021-04-15T23:29:24Z |
| Obs used |
72 |
| NEO |
- |
| M1 |
11.100 |
| K1 |
10.000 |
| PC |
- |
Osculating Elements
| Parameter |
Value |
| Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) |
1975-12-19.0000000 |
| e |
1.00150800 |
| q (au) |
0.863970 |
| a (au) |
-572.924348 |
| i (deg) |
93.957122 |
| Ω (om, deg) |
281.495433 |
| ω (w, deg) |
215.462906 |
| M (ma, deg) |
-0.001144 |
Magnitude
Scatter + Global Linear
$$
M_a = (11.258 + 5.272\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta
$$
$$
\theta = 180^\circ - \alpha
$$
$$
\Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b)
$$
$$
\Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1
$$
Model Parameters
| Parameter |
Value |
| H0 |
11.258 |
| n |
5.272 |
| gf |
0.800 |
| gb |
-0.500 |
| k |
0.800 |
| δ90 |
1.000 |
| Parameter |
Symbol |
Range |
Description |
| Absolute magnitude at 1 AU from Sun and Earth |
H0 |
-5 to 20 |
Intrinsic brightness of the comet |
| Photometric slope parameter |
n |
2 to 6 |
Rate of brightness change with heliocentric distance |
| Forward scattering asymmetry factor |
gf |
0.8 to 1 |
Degree of forward scattering |
| Backward scattering asymmetry factor |
gb |
-1 to -0.5 |
Degree of backward scattering |
| Partitioning coefficient |
k |
0.8 to 1 |
Ratio between forward/backward scattering contributions |
| Dust-to-gas brightness ratio |
δ90 |
1 to 10 |
Relative contribution of dust scattering to gas emission |
Reference: EPSC-DPS2025-160
Ephemeris
| Date/Time (UTC) |
RA (J2000) |
Dec (J2000) |
Nearest HIP |
Dist from HIP (arcmin) |
| 2026-09-20 00:00 |
18:33:28.58 |
-00:15:57.3 |
HIP 90932 |
9.14 |
| 2026-09-20 12:00 |
18:33:28.32 |
-00:16:05.9 |
HIP 90932 |
9.02 |
| 2026-09-21 00:00 |
18:33:28.07 |
-00:16:14.6 |
HIP 90932 |
8.91 |
| 2026-09-21 12:00 |
18:33:27.84 |
-00:16:23.2 |
HIP 90932 |
8.80 |
| 2026-09-22 00:00 |
18:33:27.62 |
-00:16:31.8 |
HIP 90932 |
8.69 |
| 2026-09-22 12:00 |
18:33:27.41 |
-00:16:40.5 |
HIP 90932 |
8.59 |
| 2026-09-23 00:00 |
18:33:27.21 |
-00:16:49.1 |
HIP 90932 |
8.49 |
| 2026-09-23 12:00 |
18:33:27.03 |
-00:16:57.7 |
HIP 90932 |
8.40 |
| 2026-09-24 00:00 |
18:33:26.86 |
-00:17:06.3 |
HIP 90932 |
8.31 |
| 2026-09-24 12:00 |
18:33:26.70 |
-00:17:15.0 |
HIP 90932 |
8.23 |
| 2026-09-25 00:00 |
18:33:26.56 |
-00:17:23.6 |
HIP 90932 |
8.15 |
| 2026-09-25 12:00 |
18:33:26.42 |
-00:17:32.2 |
HIP 90932 |
8.08 |
| 2026-09-26 00:00 |
18:33:26.31 |
-00:17:40.8 |
HIP 90932 |
8.01 |
| 2026-09-26 12:00 |
18:33:26.20 |
-00:17:49.4 |
HIP 90932 |
7.94 |
| 2026-09-27 00:00 |
18:33:26.11 |
-00:17:58.0 |
HIP 90932 |
7.89 |
| 2026-09-27 12:00 |
18:33:26.03 |
-00:18:06.6 |
HIP 90932 |
7.84 |
| 2026-09-28 00:00 |
18:33:25.96 |
-00:18:15.2 |
HIP 90932 |
7.79 |
| 2026-09-28 12:00 |
18:33:25.91 |
-00:18:23.7 |
HIP 90932 |
7.75 |
| 2026-09-29 00:00 |
18:33:25.87 |
-00:18:32.3 |
HIP 90932 |
7.71 |
| 2026-09-29 12:00 |
18:33:25.84 |
-00:18:40.8 |
HIP 90932 |
7.69 |
| 2026-09-30 00:00 |
18:33:25.83 |
-00:18:49.4 |
HIP 90932 |
7.66 |
| 2026-09-30 12:00 |
18:33:25.82 |
-00:18:57.9 |
HIP 90932 |
7.64 |
| 2026-10-01 00:00 |
18:33:25.84 |
-00:19:06.4 |
HIP 90932 |
7.63 |
| 2026-10-01 12:00 |
18:33:25.86 |
-00:19:15.0 |
HIP 90932 |
7.63 |
| 2026-10-02 00:00 |
18:33:25.90 |
-00:19:23.5 |
HIP 90932 |
7.63 |
| 2026-10-02 12:00 |
18:33:25.95 |
-00:19:31.9 |
HIP 90932 |
7.63 |
| 2026-10-03 00:00 |
18:33:26.01 |
-00:19:40.4 |
HIP 90932 |
7.65 |
| 2026-10-03 12:00 |
18:33:26.09 |
-00:19:48.9 |
HIP 90932 |
7.66 |
| 2026-10-04 00:00 |
18:33:26.18 |
-00:19:57.3 |
HIP 90932 |
7.69 |
| 2026-10-04 12:00 |
18:33:26.29 |
-00:20:05.7 |
HIP 90932 |
7.72 |
| 2026-10-05 00:00 |
18:33:26.40 |
-00:20:14.1 |
HIP 90932 |
7.75 |
| 2026-10-05 12:00 |
18:33:26.53 |
-00:20:22.5 |
HIP 90932 |
7.79 |
| 2026-10-06 00:00 |
18:33:26.67 |
-00:20:30.9 |
HIP 90932 |
7.84 |
| 2026-10-06 12:00 |
18:33:26.83 |
-00:20:39.3 |
HIP 90932 |
7.89 |
| 2026-10-07 00:00 |
18:33:27.00 |
-00:20:47.6 |
HIP 90932 |
7.95 |
| 2026-10-07 12:00 |
18:33:27.18 |
-00:20:55.9 |
HIP 90932 |
8.01 |
| 2026-10-08 00:00 |
18:33:27.38 |
-00:21:04.2 |
HIP 90932 |
8.08 |
| 2026-10-08 12:00 |
18:33:27.58 |
-00:21:12.5 |
HIP 90932 |
8.16 |
| 2026-10-09 00:00 |
18:33:27.80 |
-00:21:20.8 |
HIP 90932 |
8.23 |
| 2026-10-09 12:00 |
18:33:28.04 |
-00:21:29.0 |
HIP 90932 |
8.32 |
| 2026-10-10 00:00 |
18:33:28.29 |
-00:21:37.2 |
HIP 90932 |
8.41 |
| 2026-10-10 12:00 |
18:33:28.55 |
-00:21:45.4 |
HIP 90932 |
8.50 |
| 2026-10-11 00:00 |
18:33:28.82 |
-00:21:53.5 |
HIP 90932 |
8.60 |