C/1995 Y1 (Hyakutake)

Metadata

Parameter Value
Designation C/1995 Y1 (Hyakutake)
Type C
Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) 1996-02-24T06:53:53.528640Z
Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) 2021-04-15T23:29:47Z
Obs used 259
NEO -
M1 9.900
K1 15.000
PC 0.030
Osculating Elements
Parameter Value
Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) 1996-02-24.0000000
e 1.00026947
q (au) 1.054617
a (au) -3913.664483
i (deg) 54.466072
Ω (om, deg) 195.761478
ω (w, deg) 46.348701
M (ma, deg) -0.000001

Magnitude

C/1995 Y1 (Hyakutake) · Magnitude (Full range)

Scatter + Global Linear

$$ M_a = (6.861 + 6.000\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta $$ $$ \theta = 180^\circ - \alpha $$ $$ \Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b) $$ $$ \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1 $$

Model Parameters

Parameter Value
H0 6.861
n 6.000
gf 1.000
gb -0.998
k 1.000
δ90 10.000
Parameter Symbol Range Description
Absolute magnitude at 1 AU from Sun and Earth H0 -5 to 20 Intrinsic brightness of the comet
Photometric slope parameter n 2 to 6 Rate of brightness change with heliocentric distance
Forward scattering asymmetry factor gf 0.8 to 1 Degree of forward scattering
Backward scattering asymmetry factor gb -1 to -0.5 Degree of backward scattering
Partitioning coefficient k 0.8 to 1 Ratio between forward/backward scattering contributions
Dust-to-gas brightness ratio δ90 1 to 10 Relative contribution of dust scattering to gas emission

Reference: EPSC-DPS2025-160

Residuals (Piecewise)

$$\epsilon = a \log_{10} r_{\mathrm{au}} + b$$

Start (UTC) End (UTC) a b
1995-12-27 1996-01-15 -32.9619 +4.433
1996-01-15 1996-02-24 +5.8871 -0.300
1996-02-24 1996-07-18 +2.0313 -0.181
1996-07-18 1996-10-05 +7.6754 -1.742

log10 r = log10(heliocentric distance / AU), Δ = geocentric distance (AU)

Ephemeris

Date/Time (UTC) RA (J2000) Dec (J2000) Nearest HIP Dist from HIP (arcmin)
2026-09-20 00:00 02:44:22.05 -09:54:20.0 HIP 12945 32.01
2026-09-20 12:00 02:44:20.60 -09:54:37.1 HIP 12945 32.42
2026-09-21 00:00 02:44:19.13 -09:54:54.2 HIP 12945 32.82
2026-09-21 12:00 02:44:17.65 -09:55:11.2 HIP 12945 33.24
2026-09-22 00:00 02:44:16.15 -09:55:28.2 HIP 12945 33.66
2026-09-22 12:00 02:44:14.65 -09:55:45.2 HIP 12945 34.08
2026-09-23 00:00 02:44:13.13 -09:56:02.1 HIP 12945 34.50
2026-09-23 12:00 02:44:11.59 -09:56:19.0 HIP 12945 34.93
2026-09-24 00:00 02:44:10.05 -09:56:35.9 HIP 12945 35.37
2026-09-24 12:00 02:44:08.49 -09:56:52.7 HIP 12660 35.00
2026-09-25 00:00 02:44:06.92 -09:57:09.5 HIP 12660 34.54
2026-09-25 12:00 02:44:05.33 -09:57:26.2 HIP 12660 34.09
2026-09-26 00:00 02:44:03.73 -09:57:42.9 HIP 12660 33.63
2026-09-26 12:00 02:44:02.13 -09:57:59.6 HIP 12660 33.17
2026-09-27 00:00 02:44:00.51 -09:58:16.2 HIP 12660 32.70
2026-09-27 12:00 02:43:58.87 -09:58:32.8 HIP 12660 32.24
2026-09-28 00:00 02:43:57.23 -09:58:49.3 HIP 12660 31.78
2026-09-28 12:00 02:43:55.57 -09:59:05.8 HIP 12660 31.32
2026-09-29 00:00 02:43:53.90 -09:59:22.2 HIP 12660 30.86
2026-09-29 12:00 02:43:52.22 -09:59:38.6 HIP 12660 30.39
2026-09-30 00:00 02:43:50.53 -09:59:54.9 HIP 12660 29.93
2026-09-30 12:00 02:43:48.83 -10:00:11.2 HIP 12660 29.47
2026-10-01 00:00 02:43:47.12 -10:00:27.5 HIP 12660 29.01
2026-10-01 12:00 02:43:45.39 -10:00:43.6 HIP 12660 28.55
2026-10-02 00:00 02:43:43.66 -10:00:59.7 HIP 12660 28.09
2026-10-02 12:00 02:43:41.91 -10:01:15.8 HIP 12660 27.63
2026-10-03 00:00 02:43:40.16 -10:01:31.8 HIP 12660 27.17
2026-10-03 12:00 02:43:38.39 -10:01:47.8 HIP 12660 26.72
2026-10-04 00:00 02:43:36.61 -10:02:03.6 HIP 12660 26.26
2026-10-04 12:00 02:43:34.82 -10:02:19.5 HIP 12660 25.81
2026-10-05 00:00 02:43:33.02 -10:02:35.2 HIP 12660 25.36
2026-10-05 12:00 02:43:31.21 -10:02:50.9 HIP 12660 24.91
2026-10-06 00:00 02:43:29.40 -10:03:06.5 HIP 12660 24.46
2026-10-06 12:00 02:43:27.57 -10:03:22.1 HIP 12660 24.02
2026-10-07 00:00 02:43:25.73 -10:03:37.6 HIP 12660 23.58
2026-10-07 12:00 02:43:23.88 -10:03:53.0 HIP 12660 23.14
2026-10-08 00:00 02:43:22.02 -10:04:08.4 HIP 12660 22.70
2026-10-08 12:00 02:43:20.16 -10:04:23.6 HIP 12660 22.27
2026-10-09 00:00 02:43:18.28 -10:04:38.9 HIP 12660 21.85
2026-10-09 12:00 02:43:16.40 -10:04:54.0 HIP 12660 21.42
2026-10-10 00:00 02:43:14.51 -10:05:09.0 HIP 12660 21.01
2026-10-10 12:00 02:43:12.60 -10:05:24.0 HIP 12660 20.60
2026-10-11 00:00 02:43:10.69 -10:05:38.9 HIP 12660 20.19