| Parameter |
Value |
| Designation |
C/1997 L1 (Zhu-Balam) |
| Type |
C |
| Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) |
1996-11-22T20:49:19.153920Z |
| Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) |
2021-04-15T23:29:51Z |
| Obs used |
213 |
| NEO |
- |
| M1 |
6.500 |
| K1 |
10.000 |
| PC |
- |
Osculating Elements
| Parameter |
Value |
| Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) |
1997-08-22.0000000 |
| e |
0.99797377 |
| q (au) |
4.899563 |
| a (au) |
2418.066374 |
| i (deg) |
72.991461 |
| Ω (om, deg) |
233.299834 |
| ω (w, deg) |
346.364690 |
| M (ma, deg) |
0.002256 |
Magnitude
Scatter + Global Linear
$$
M_a = (2.899 + 6.000\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta
$$
$$
\theta = 180^\circ - \alpha
$$
$$
\Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b)
$$
$$
\Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1
$$
Model Parameters
| Parameter |
Value |
| H0 |
2.899 |
| n |
6.000 |
| gf |
1.000 |
| gb |
-1.000 |
| k |
1.000 |
| δ90 |
10.000 |
| Parameter |
Symbol |
Range |
Description |
| Absolute magnitude at 1 AU from Sun and Earth |
H0 |
-5 to 20 |
Intrinsic brightness of the comet |
| Photometric slope parameter |
n |
2 to 6 |
Rate of brightness change with heliocentric distance |
| Forward scattering asymmetry factor |
gf |
0.8 to 1 |
Degree of forward scattering |
| Backward scattering asymmetry factor |
gb |
-1 to -0.5 |
Degree of backward scattering |
| Partitioning coefficient |
k |
0.8 to 1 |
Ratio between forward/backward scattering contributions |
| Dust-to-gas brightness ratio |
δ90 |
1 to 10 |
Relative contribution of dust scattering to gas emission |
Reference: EPSC-DPS2025-160
Ephemeris
| Date/Time (UTC) |
RA (J2000) |
Dec (J2000) |
Nearest HIP |
Dist from HIP (arcmin) |
| 2026-09-20 00:00 |
00:24:16.28 |
+56:28:15.2 |
HIP 2009 |
20.12 |
| 2026-09-20 12:00 |
00:24:12.56 |
+56:28:10.1 |
HIP 2009 |
20.30 |
| 2026-09-21 00:00 |
00:24:08.83 |
+56:28:04.7 |
HIP 2009 |
20.48 |
| 2026-09-21 12:00 |
00:24:05.10 |
+56:27:59.0 |
HIP 2009 |
20.68 |
| 2026-09-22 00:00 |
00:24:01.36 |
+56:27:53.1 |
HIP 2009 |
20.88 |
| 2026-09-22 12:00 |
00:23:57.62 |
+56:27:46.9 |
HIP 2009 |
21.09 |
| 2026-09-23 00:00 |
00:23:53.87 |
+56:27:40.4 |
HIP 2009 |
21.30 |
| 2026-09-23 12:00 |
00:23:50.12 |
+56:27:33.7 |
HIP 2009 |
21.53 |
| 2026-09-24 00:00 |
00:23:46.37 |
+56:27:26.7 |
HIP 2009 |
21.76 |
| 2026-09-24 12:00 |
00:23:42.61 |
+56:27:19.5 |
HIP 2009 |
22.00 |
| 2026-09-25 00:00 |
00:23:38.86 |
+56:27:11.9 |
HIP 2009 |
22.25 |
| 2026-09-25 12:00 |
00:23:35.09 |
+56:27:04.2 |
HIP 2009 |
22.50 |
| 2026-09-26 00:00 |
00:23:31.33 |
+56:26:56.1 |
HIP 2009 |
22.76 |
| 2026-09-26 12:00 |
00:23:27.56 |
+56:26:47.8 |
HIP 2009 |
23.03 |
| 2026-09-27 00:00 |
00:23:23.79 |
+56:26:39.3 |
HIP 2009 |
23.30 |
| 2026-09-27 12:00 |
00:23:20.02 |
+56:26:30.4 |
HIP 2009 |
23.59 |
| 2026-09-28 00:00 |
00:23:16.25 |
+56:26:21.4 |
HIP 1644 |
23.46 |
| 2026-09-28 12:00 |
00:23:12.48 |
+56:26:12.0 |
HIP 1644 |
23.01 |
| 2026-09-29 00:00 |
00:23:08.71 |
+56:26:02.4 |
HIP 1644 |
22.57 |
| 2026-09-29 12:00 |
00:23:04.94 |
+56:25:52.6 |
HIP 1644 |
22.14 |
| 2026-09-30 00:00 |
00:23:01.16 |
+56:25:42.4 |
HIP 1644 |
21.71 |
| 2026-09-30 12:00 |
00:22:57.39 |
+56:25:32.1 |
HIP 1644 |
21.29 |
| 2026-10-01 00:00 |
00:22:53.62 |
+56:25:21.4 |
HIP 1644 |
20.87 |
| 2026-10-01 12:00 |
00:22:49.85 |
+56:25:10.5 |
HIP 1644 |
20.47 |
| 2026-10-02 00:00 |
00:22:46.08 |
+56:24:59.4 |
HIP 1644 |
20.07 |
| 2026-10-02 12:00 |
00:22:42.32 |
+56:24:48.0 |
HIP 1644 |
19.68 |
| 2026-10-03 00:00 |
00:22:38.55 |
+56:24:36.3 |
HIP 1644 |
19.31 |
| 2026-10-03 12:00 |
00:22:34.79 |
+56:24:24.4 |
HIP 1644 |
18.94 |
| 2026-10-04 00:00 |
00:22:31.03 |
+56:24:12.2 |
HIP 1644 |
18.59 |
| 2026-10-04 12:00 |
00:22:27.27 |
+56:23:59.8 |
HIP 1644 |
18.24 |
| 2026-10-05 00:00 |
00:22:23.52 |
+56:23:47.1 |
HIP 1644 |
17.92 |
| 2026-10-05 12:00 |
00:22:19.77 |
+56:23:34.2 |
HIP 1644 |
17.60 |
| 2026-10-06 00:00 |
00:22:16.02 |
+56:23:21.0 |
HIP 1644 |
17.30 |
| 2026-10-06 12:00 |
00:22:12.28 |
+56:23:07.5 |
HIP 1644 |
17.02 |
| 2026-10-07 00:00 |
00:22:08.54 |
+56:22:53.8 |
HIP 1644 |
16.75 |
| 2026-10-07 12:00 |
00:22:04.81 |
+56:22:39.9 |
HIP 1644 |
16.51 |
| 2026-10-08 00:00 |
00:22:01.08 |
+56:22:25.7 |
HIP 1644 |
16.28 |
| 2026-10-08 12:00 |
00:21:57.36 |
+56:22:11.3 |
HIP 1644 |
16.07 |
| 2026-10-09 00:00 |
00:21:53.64 |
+56:21:56.6 |
HIP 1644 |
15.89 |
| 2026-10-09 12:00 |
00:21:49.94 |
+56:21:41.6 |
HIP 1644 |
15.72 |
| 2026-10-10 00:00 |
00:21:46.23 |
+56:21:26.5 |
HIP 1644 |
15.58 |
| 2026-10-10 12:00 |
00:21:42.54 |
+56:21:11.0 |
HIP 1644 |
15.46 |
| 2026-10-11 00:00 |
00:21:38.85 |
+56:20:55.4 |
HIP 1644 |
15.37 |