C/1999 F1 (Catalina)

Metadata

Parameter Value
Designation C/1999 F1 (Catalina)
Type C
Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) 2002-02-13T15:14:58.715520Z
Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) 2026-06-09T11:12:23Z
Obs used 172
NEO -
M1 6.200
K1 7.250
PC 0.030
Osculating Elements
Parameter Value
Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) 2001-04-29.0000000
e 0.99915402
q (au) 5.787032
a (au) 6840.659124
i (deg) 92.036105
Ω (om, deg) 20.023948
ω (w, deg) 255.156809
M (ma, deg) 359.999494

Magnitude

C/1999 F1 (Catalina) · Magnitude (Full range)

Scatter + Global Linear

$$ M_a = (0.773 + 5.058\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta $$ $$ \theta = 180^\circ - \alpha $$ $$ \Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b) $$ $$ \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1 $$

Model Parameters

Parameter Value
H0 0.773
n 5.058
gf 0.999
gb -0.500
k 1.000
δ90 10.000
Parameter Symbol Range Description
Absolute magnitude at 1 AU from Sun and Earth H0 -5 to 20 Intrinsic brightness of the comet
Photometric slope parameter n 2 to 6 Rate of brightness change with heliocentric distance
Forward scattering asymmetry factor gf 0.8 to 1 Degree of forward scattering
Backward scattering asymmetry factor gb -1 to -0.5 Degree of backward scattering
Partitioning coefficient k 0.8 to 1 Ratio between forward/backward scattering contributions
Dust-to-gas brightness ratio δ90 1 to 10 Relative contribution of dust scattering to gas emission

Reference: EPSC-DPS2025-160

Residuals (Piecewise)

$$\epsilon = a \log_{10} r_{\mathrm{au}} + b$$

Start (UTC) End (UTC) a b
1999-03-13 2002-01-17 +0.3100 -0.124
2002-02-15 2005-08-28 -0.2027 -0.528

log10 r = log10(heliocentric distance / AU), Δ = geocentric distance (AU)

Ephemeris

Date/Time (UTC) RA (J2000) Dec (J2000) Nearest HIP Dist from HIP (arcmin)
2026-07-29 00:00 00:17:11.76 +37:05:42.5 HIP 1473 23.02
2026-07-29 12:00 00:17:09.94 +37:05:58.7 HIP 1473 23.45
2026-07-30 00:00 00:17:08.10 +37:06:14.7 HIP 1473 23.88
2026-07-30 12:00 00:17:06.24 +37:06:30.6 HIP 1473 24.32
2026-07-31 00:00 00:17:04.36 +37:06:46.2 HIP 1473 24.75
2026-07-31 12:00 00:17:02.45 +37:07:01.6 HIP 1473 25.19
2026-08-01 00:00 00:17:00.52 +37:07:16.8 HIP 1473 25.63
2026-08-01 12:00 00:16:58.56 +37:07:31.9 HIP 1473 26.07
2026-08-02 00:00 00:16:56.58 +37:07:46.7 HIP 1411 26.00
2026-08-02 12:00 00:16:54.58 +37:08:01.3 HIP 1411 25.91
2026-08-03 00:00 00:16:52.56 +37:08:15.7 HIP 1411 25.83
2026-08-03 12:00 00:16:50.51 +37:08:29.9 HIP 1411 25.76
2026-08-04 00:00 00:16:48.45 +37:08:43.8 HIP 1411 25.71
2026-08-04 12:00 00:16:46.35 +37:08:57.6 HIP 1411 25.67
2026-08-05 00:00 00:16:44.24 +37:09:11.2 HIP 1411 25.65
2026-08-05 12:00 00:16:42.11 +37:09:24.5 HIP 1411 25.64
2026-08-06 00:00 00:16:39.95 +37:09:37.6 HIP 1411 25.64
2026-08-06 12:00 00:16:37.77 +37:09:50.5 HIP 1411 25.66
2026-08-07 00:00 00:16:35.57 +37:10:03.2 HIP 1411 25.69
2026-08-07 12:00 00:16:33.34 +37:10:15.7 HIP 1411 25.74
2026-08-08 00:00 00:16:31.10 +37:10:28.0 HIP 1411 25.80
2026-08-08 12:00 00:16:28.83 +37:10:40.0 HIP 1411 25.87
2026-08-09 00:00 00:16:26.55 +37:10:51.8 HIP 1411 25.96
2026-08-09 12:00 00:16:24.24 +37:11:03.4 HIP 1411 26.07
2026-08-10 00:00 00:16:21.91 +37:11:14.8 HIP 1411 26.19
2026-08-10 12:00 00:16:19.56 +37:11:25.9 HIP 1411 26.32
2026-08-11 00:00 00:16:17.19 +37:11:36.8 HIP 1411 26.47
2026-08-11 12:00 00:16:14.79 +37:11:47.5 HIP 1411 26.63
2026-08-12 00:00 00:16:12.38 +37:11:58.0 HIP 1411 26.81
2026-08-12 12:00 00:16:09.95 +37:12:08.2 HIP 1411 27.00
2026-08-13 00:00 00:16:07.50 +37:12:18.2 HIP 1411 27.20
2026-08-13 12:00 00:16:05.03 +37:12:28.0 HIP 1411 27.42
2026-08-14 00:00 00:16:02.53 +37:12:37.6 HIP 1411 27.65
2026-08-14 12:00 00:16:00.02 +37:12:46.9 HIP 1411 27.89
2026-08-15 00:00 00:15:57.49 +37:12:56.0 HIP 1411 28.15
2026-08-15 12:00 00:15:54.94 +37:13:04.8 HIP 1411 28.42
2026-08-16 00:00 00:15:52.37 +37:13:13.5 HIP 1411 28.70
2026-08-16 12:00 00:15:49.78 +37:13:21.8 HIP 1411 29.00
2026-08-17 00:00 00:15:47.18 +37:13:30.0 HIP 1411 29.31
2026-08-17 12:00 00:15:44.55 +37:13:37.9 HIP 1411 29.63
2026-08-18 00:00 00:15:41.91 +37:13:45.6 HIP 1411 29.96
2026-08-18 12:00 00:15:39.25 +37:13:53.1 HIP 1411 30.30
2026-08-19 00:00 00:15:36.57 +37:14:00.3 HIP 1411 30.65