C/1999 K8 (LINEAR)

Metadata

Parameter Value
Designation C/1999 K8 (LINEAR)
Type C
Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) 2000-04-24T06:58:48.679680Z
Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) 2021-04-15T23:30:00Z
Obs used 610
NEO -
M1 9.400
K1 5.500
PC -
Osculating Elements
Parameter Value
Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) 2000-03-20.0000000
e 1.00071246
q (au) 4.200554
a (au) -5895.868027
i (deg) 52.733975
Ω (om, deg) 195.394218
ω (w, deg) 164.619681
M (ma, deg) -0.000077

Magnitude

C/1999 K8 (LINEAR) · Magnitude (Full range)

Scatter + Global Linear

$$ M_a = (5.474 + 3.588\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta $$ $$ \theta = 180^\circ - \alpha $$ $$ \Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b) $$ $$ \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1 $$

Model Parameters

Parameter Value
H0 5.474
n 3.588
gf 1.000
gb -0.500
k 1.000
δ90 10.000
Parameter Symbol Range Description
Absolute magnitude at 1 AU from Sun and Earth H0 -5 to 20 Intrinsic brightness of the comet
Photometric slope parameter n 2 to 6 Rate of brightness change with heliocentric distance
Forward scattering asymmetry factor gf 0.8 to 1 Degree of forward scattering
Backward scattering asymmetry factor gb -1 to -0.5 Degree of backward scattering
Partitioning coefficient k 0.8 to 1 Ratio between forward/backward scattering contributions
Dust-to-gas brightness ratio δ90 1 to 10 Relative contribution of dust scattering to gas emission

Reference: EPSC-DPS2025-160

Residuals (Piecewise)

$$\epsilon = a \log_{10} r_{\mathrm{au}} + b$$

Start (UTC) End (UTC) a b
1998-08-19 2000-02-01 +9.8022 -7.106
2000-05-28 2001-08-18 +4.3226 -3.002
2001-08-18 2003-03-07 -5.0352 +4.588

log10 r = log10(heliocentric distance / AU), Δ = geocentric distance (AU)

Ephemeris

Date/Time (UTC) RA (J2000) Dec (J2000) Nearest HIP Dist from HIP (arcmin)
2026-09-20 00:00 09:45:30.29 -26:17:23.8 HIP 47923 7.01
2026-09-20 12:00 09:45:32.66 -26:17:44.7 HIP 47923 6.60
2026-09-21 00:00 09:45:35.02 -26:18:05.7 HIP 47923 6.23
2026-09-21 12:00 09:45:37.36 -26:18:26.8 HIP 47923 5.92
2026-09-22 00:00 09:45:39.70 -26:18:48.1 HIP 47923 5.66
2026-09-22 12:00 09:45:42.02 -26:19:09.4 HIP 47923 5.46
2026-09-23 00:00 09:45:44.33 -26:19:30.9 HIP 47923 5.34
2026-09-23 12:00 09:45:46.62 -26:19:52.6 HIP 47923 5.29
2026-09-24 00:00 09:45:48.91 -26:20:14.3 HIP 47923 5.32
2026-09-24 12:00 09:45:51.17 -26:20:36.1 HIP 47923 5.42
2026-09-25 00:00 09:45:53.43 -26:20:58.1 HIP 47923 5.60
2026-09-25 12:00 09:45:55.67 -26:21:20.2 HIP 47923 5.84
2026-09-26 00:00 09:45:57.90 -26:21:42.3 HIP 47923 6.14
2026-09-26 12:00 09:46:00.12 -26:22:04.6 HIP 47923 6.48
2026-09-27 00:00 09:46:02.32 -26:22:27.0 HIP 47923 6.87
2026-09-27 12:00 09:46:04.50 -26:22:49.5 HIP 47923 7.29
2026-09-28 00:00 09:46:06.68 -26:23:12.2 HIP 47923 7.73
2026-09-28 12:00 09:46:08.83 -26:23:34.9 HIP 47923 8.20
2026-09-29 00:00 09:46:10.98 -26:23:57.7 HIP 47923 8.69
2026-09-29 12:00 09:46:13.11 -26:24:20.6 HIP 47923 9.19
2026-09-30 00:00 09:46:15.22 -26:24:43.6 HIP 47923 9.71
2026-09-30 12:00 09:46:17.32 -26:25:06.8 HIP 47923 10.24
2026-10-01 00:00 09:46:19.41 -26:25:30.0 HIP 47923 10.77
2026-10-01 12:00 09:46:21.48 -26:25:53.3 HIP 47923 11.32
2026-10-02 00:00 09:46:23.53 -26:26:16.7 HIP 47923 11.86
2026-10-02 12:00 09:46:25.57 -26:26:40.2 HIP 47923 12.42
2026-10-03 00:00 09:46:27.59 -26:27:03.8 HIP 47923 12.98
2026-10-03 12:00 09:46:29.60 -26:27:27.5 HIP 47923 13.54
2026-10-04 00:00 09:46:31.59 -26:27:51.3 HIP 47923 14.10
2026-10-04 12:00 09:46:33.57 -26:28:15.1 HIP 47923 14.67
2026-10-05 00:00 09:46:35.53 -26:28:39.1 HIP 47923 15.23
2026-10-05 12:00 09:46:37.47 -26:29:03.1 HIP 47923 15.80
2026-10-06 00:00 09:46:39.40 -26:29:27.2 HIP 47923 16.37
2026-10-06 12:00 09:46:41.31 -26:29:51.4 HIP 47923 16.94
2026-10-07 00:00 09:46:43.20 -26:30:15.7 HIP 47923 17.51
2026-10-07 12:00 09:46:45.08 -26:30:40.0 HIP 47923 18.08
2026-10-08 00:00 09:46:46.93 -26:31:04.4 HIP 47923 18.65
2026-10-08 12:00 09:46:48.78 -26:31:28.9 HIP 47923 19.22
2026-10-09 00:00 09:46:50.60 -26:31:53.5 HIP 47923 19.79
2026-10-09 12:00 09:46:52.41 -26:32:18.1 HIP 47923 20.35
2026-10-10 00:00 09:46:54.20 -26:32:42.8 HIP 47923 20.92
2026-10-10 12:00 09:46:55.97 -26:33:07.6 HIP 47923 21.49
2026-10-11 00:00 09:46:57.72 -26:33:32.4 HIP 47923 22.05