| Parameter |
Value |
| Designation |
C/1999 S3 (LINEAR) |
| Type |
C |
| Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) |
1999-11-09T00:22:32.453760Z |
| Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) |
2021-04-15T23:30:01Z |
| Obs used |
638 |
| NEO |
- |
| M1 |
4.800 |
| K1 |
29.250 |
| PC |
0.030 |
Osculating Elements
| Parameter |
Value |
| Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) |
1999-10-24.0000000 |
| e |
0.89996276 |
| q (au) |
1.894944 |
| a (au) |
18.942389 |
| i (deg) |
70.560909 |
| Ω (om, deg) |
11.878195 |
| ω (w, deg) |
44.128165 |
| M (ma, deg) |
359.808532 |
Magnitude
Scatter + Global Linear
$$
M_a = (7.393 + 6.000\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta
$$
$$
\theta = 180^\circ - \alpha
$$
$$
\Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b)
$$
$$
\Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1
$$
Model Parameters
| Parameter |
Value |
| H0 |
7.393 |
| n |
6.000 |
| gf |
1.000 |
| gb |
-0.500 |
| k |
1.000 |
| δ90 |
10.000 |
| Parameter |
Symbol |
Range |
Description |
| Absolute magnitude at 1 AU from Sun and Earth |
H0 |
-5 to 20 |
Intrinsic brightness of the comet |
| Photometric slope parameter |
n |
2 to 6 |
Rate of brightness change with heliocentric distance |
| Forward scattering asymmetry factor |
gf |
0.8 to 1 |
Degree of forward scattering |
| Backward scattering asymmetry factor |
gb |
-1 to -0.5 |
Degree of backward scattering |
| Partitioning coefficient |
k |
0.8 to 1 |
Ratio between forward/backward scattering contributions |
| Dust-to-gas brightness ratio |
δ90 |
1 to 10 |
Relative contribution of dust scattering to gas emission |
Reference: EPSC-DPS2025-160
Ephemeris
| Date/Time (UTC) |
RA (J2000) |
Dec (J2000) |
Nearest HIP |
Dist from HIP (arcmin) |
| 2026-07-29 00:00 |
12:25:08.52 |
-39:49:24.0 |
HIP 60670 |
12.92 |
| 2026-07-29 12:00 |
12:25:10.57 |
-39:49:07.4 |
HIP 60670 |
12.78 |
| 2026-07-30 00:00 |
12:25:12.64 |
-39:48:51.2 |
HIP 60670 |
12.65 |
| 2026-07-30 12:00 |
12:25:14.75 |
-39:48:35.2 |
HIP 60670 |
12.53 |
| 2026-07-31 00:00 |
12:25:16.89 |
-39:48:19.4 |
HIP 60670 |
12.42 |
| 2026-07-31 12:00 |
12:25:19.05 |
-39:48:03.9 |
HIP 60670 |
12.32 |
| 2026-08-01 00:00 |
12:25:21.25 |
-39:47:48.7 |
HIP 60670 |
12.23 |
| 2026-08-01 12:00 |
12:25:23.47 |
-39:47:33.7 |
HIP 60670 |
12.15 |
| 2026-08-02 00:00 |
12:25:25.72 |
-39:47:19.0 |
HIP 60670 |
12.09 |
| 2026-08-02 12:00 |
12:25:28.00 |
-39:47:04.6 |
HIP 60670 |
12.04 |
| 2026-08-03 00:00 |
12:25:30.31 |
-39:46:50.4 |
HIP 60670 |
12.01 |
| 2026-08-03 12:00 |
12:25:32.65 |
-39:46:36.5 |
HIP 60670 |
11.98 |
| 2026-08-04 00:00 |
12:25:35.02 |
-39:46:22.9 |
HIP 60670 |
11.98 |
| 2026-08-04 12:00 |
12:25:37.42 |
-39:46:09.5 |
HIP 60670 |
11.99 |
| 2026-08-05 00:00 |
12:25:39.84 |
-39:45:56.4 |
HIP 60670 |
12.01 |
| 2026-08-05 12:00 |
12:25:42.29 |
-39:45:43.6 |
HIP 60670 |
12.05 |
| 2026-08-06 00:00 |
12:25:44.77 |
-39:45:31.1 |
HIP 60670 |
12.11 |
| 2026-08-06 12:00 |
12:25:47.28 |
-39:45:18.8 |
HIP 60670 |
12.18 |
| 2026-08-07 00:00 |
12:25:49.81 |
-39:45:06.8 |
HIP 60670 |
12.27 |
| 2026-08-07 12:00 |
12:25:52.37 |
-39:44:55.1 |
HIP 60670 |
12.37 |
| 2026-08-08 00:00 |
12:25:54.96 |
-39:44:43.7 |
HIP 60670 |
12.50 |
| 2026-08-08 12:00 |
12:25:57.58 |
-39:44:32.5 |
HIP 60670 |
12.63 |
| 2026-08-09 00:00 |
12:26:00.22 |
-39:44:21.7 |
HIP 60670 |
12.79 |
| 2026-08-09 12:00 |
12:26:02.89 |
-39:44:11.1 |
HIP 60670 |
12.96 |
| 2026-08-10 00:00 |
12:26:05.58 |
-39:44:00.8 |
HIP 60670 |
13.14 |
| 2026-08-10 12:00 |
12:26:08.31 |
-39:43:50.7 |
HIP 60670 |
13.34 |
| 2026-08-11 00:00 |
12:26:11.05 |
-39:43:41.0 |
HIP 60670 |
13.56 |
| 2026-08-11 12:00 |
12:26:13.83 |
-39:43:31.5 |
HIP 60670 |
13.79 |
| 2026-08-12 00:00 |
12:26:16.63 |
-39:43:22.3 |
HIP 60670 |
14.04 |
| 2026-08-12 12:00 |
12:26:19.45 |
-39:43:13.5 |
HIP 60670 |
14.29 |
| 2026-08-13 00:00 |
12:26:22.30 |
-39:43:04.9 |
HIP 60670 |
14.57 |
| 2026-08-13 12:00 |
12:26:25.17 |
-39:42:56.5 |
HIP 60670 |
14.85 |
| 2026-08-14 00:00 |
12:26:28.07 |
-39:42:48.5 |
HIP 60670 |
15.15 |
| 2026-08-14 12:00 |
12:26:31.00 |
-39:42:40.8 |
HIP 60670 |
15.47 |
| 2026-08-15 00:00 |
12:26:33.94 |
-39:42:33.3 |
HIP 60670 |
15.79 |
| 2026-08-15 12:00 |
12:26:36.92 |
-39:42:26.1 |
HIP 60670 |
16.13 |
| 2026-08-16 00:00 |
12:26:39.91 |
-39:42:19.3 |
HIP 60670 |
16.47 |
| 2026-08-16 12:00 |
12:26:42.93 |
-39:42:12.7 |
HIP 60670 |
16.83 |
| 2026-08-17 00:00 |
12:26:45.97 |
-39:42:06.4 |
HIP 60670 |
17.20 |
| 2026-08-17 12:00 |
12:26:49.04 |
-39:42:00.4 |
HIP 60670 |
17.58 |
| 2026-08-18 00:00 |
12:26:52.13 |
-39:41:54.7 |
HIP 60670 |
17.97 |
| 2026-08-18 12:00 |
12:26:55.24 |
-39:41:49.3 |
HIP 60670 |
18.37 |
| 2026-08-19 00:00 |
12:26:58.38 |
-39:41:44.1 |
HIP 60670 |
18.78 |