C/2002 X5 (Kudo-Fujikawa)
Metadata
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Designation | C/2002 X5 (Kudo-Fujikawa) |
| Type | C |
| Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) | 2003-01-29T00:03:18.599040Z |
| Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) | 2021-04-15T23:30:24Z |
| Obs used | 514 |
| NEO | - |
| M1 | 10.600 |
| K1 | 11.500 |
| PC | 0.030 |
Osculating Elements
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) | 2003-01-20.0000000 |
| e | 0.99984090 |
| q (au) | 0.189934 |
| a (au) | 1193.800858 |
| i (deg) | 94.152279 |
| Ω (om, deg) | 119.065024 |
| ω (w, deg) | 187.584474 |
| M (ma, deg) | 359.999785 |
Magnitude
Scatter + Global Linear
$$ M_a = (7.886 + 4.159\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta $$ $$ \theta = 180^\circ - \alpha $$ $$ \Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b) $$ $$ \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1 $$
Model Parameters
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| H0 | 7.886 |
| n | 4.159 |
| gf | 1.000 |
| gb | -0.500 |
| k | 1.000 |
| δ90 | 10.000 |
| Parameter | Symbol | Range | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Absolute magnitude at 1 AU from Sun and Earth | H0 | -5 to 20 | Intrinsic brightness of the comet |
| Photometric slope parameter | n | 2 to 6 | Rate of brightness change with heliocentric distance |
| Forward scattering asymmetry factor | gf |
0.8 to 1 | Degree of forward scattering |
| Backward scattering asymmetry factor | gb |
-1 to -0.5 | Degree of backward scattering |
| Partitioning coefficient | k | 0.8 to 1 | Ratio between forward/backward scattering contributions |
| Dust-to-gas brightness ratio | δ90 | 1 to 10 | Relative contribution of dust scattering to gas emission |
Reference: EPSC-DPS2025-160
Residuals (Piecewise)
$$\epsilon = a \log_{10} r_{\mathrm{au}} + b$$
| Start (UTC) | End (UTC) | a | b |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2002-12-14 | 2002-12-23 | +17.1755 | -0.401 |
| 2002-12-23 | 2002-12-31 | -8.3536 | +0.041 |
| 2002-12-31 | 2003-01-19 | -3.8086 | -0.506 |
| 2003-02-07 | 2003-02-20 | -3.9273 | +0.459 |
| 2003-02-20 | 2003-02-27 | -12.3277 | -0.141 |
| 2003-02-27 | 2003-03-18 | -7.0995 | +0.825 |
| 2003-03-18 | 2003-03-31 | +6.6412 | -0.016 |
| 2003-03-31 | 2003-04-22 | +52.0092 | -8.310 |
log10 r = log10(heliocentric distance / AU), Δ = geocentric distance (AU)
Ephemeris
| Date/Time (UTC) | RA (J2000) | Dec (J2000) | Nearest HIP | Dist from HIP (arcmin) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-07-29 00:00 | 08:05:30.30 | +20:36:20.2 | HIP 39624 | 12.68 |
| 2026-07-29 12:00 | 08:05:32.88 | +20:36:13.1 | HIP 39624 | 12.59 |
| 2026-07-30 00:00 | 08:05:35.45 | +20:36:06.0 | HIP 39624 | 12.54 |
| 2026-07-30 12:00 | 08:05:38.02 | +20:35:58.9 | HIP 39624 | 12.51 |
| 2026-07-31 00:00 | 08:05:40.59 | +20:35:51.8 | HIP 39624 | 12.52 |
| 2026-07-31 12:00 | 08:05:43.16 | +20:35:44.7 | HIP 39624 | 12.55 |
| 2026-08-01 00:00 | 08:05:45.72 | +20:35:37.6 | HIP 39624 | 12.62 |
| 2026-08-01 12:00 | 08:05:48.28 | +20:35:30.6 | HIP 39624 | 12.71 |
| 2026-08-02 00:00 | 08:05:50.83 | +20:35:23.5 | HIP 39624 | 12.83 |
| 2026-08-02 12:00 | 08:05:53.38 | +20:35:16.5 | HIP 39624 | 12.98 |
| 2026-08-03 00:00 | 08:05:55.93 | +20:35:09.4 | HIP 39624 | 13.16 |
| 2026-08-03 12:00 | 08:05:58.47 | +20:35:02.4 | HIP 39624 | 13.36 |
| 2026-08-04 00:00 | 08:06:01.01 | +20:34:55.4 | HIP 39624 | 13.58 |
| 2026-08-04 12:00 | 08:06:03.54 | +20:34:48.4 | HIP 39624 | 13.83 |
| 2026-08-05 00:00 | 08:06:06.07 | +20:34:41.4 | HIP 39624 | 14.09 |
| 2026-08-05 12:00 | 08:06:08.60 | +20:34:34.5 | HIP 39624 | 14.38 |
| 2026-08-06 00:00 | 08:06:11.12 | +20:34:27.5 | HIP 39624 | 14.69 |
| 2026-08-06 12:00 | 08:06:13.63 | +20:34:20.6 | HIP 39624 | 15.01 |
| 2026-08-07 00:00 | 08:06:16.14 | +20:34:13.6 | HIP 39624 | 15.35 |
| 2026-08-07 12:00 | 08:06:18.64 | +20:34:06.7 | HIP 39624 | 15.70 |
| 2026-08-08 00:00 | 08:06:21.14 | +20:33:59.8 | HIP 39624 | 16.07 |
| 2026-08-08 12:00 | 08:06:23.63 | +20:33:53.0 | HIP 39624 | 16.44 |
| 2026-08-09 00:00 | 08:06:26.12 | +20:33:46.1 | HIP 39624 | 16.84 |
| 2026-08-09 12:00 | 08:06:28.60 | +20:33:39.3 | HIP 39624 | 17.24 |
| 2026-08-10 00:00 | 08:06:31.07 | +20:33:32.4 | HIP 39624 | 17.65 |
| 2026-08-10 12:00 | 08:06:33.54 | +20:33:25.6 | HIP 39624 | 18.07 |
| 2026-08-11 00:00 | 08:06:36.00 | +20:33:18.8 | HIP 39624 | 18.49 |
| 2026-08-11 12:00 | 08:06:38.45 | +20:33:12.1 | HIP 39624 | 18.93 |
| 2026-08-12 00:00 | 08:06:40.90 | +20:33:05.3 | HIP 39624 | 19.37 |
| 2026-08-12 12:00 | 08:06:43.34 | +20:32:58.6 | HIP 39624 | 19.82 |
| 2026-08-13 00:00 | 08:06:45.77 | +20:32:51.9 | HIP 39624 | 20.27 |
| 2026-08-13 12:00 | 08:06:48.19 | +20:32:45.2 | HIP 39624 | 20.73 |
| 2026-08-14 00:00 | 08:06:50.61 | +20:32:38.6 | HIP 39711 | 21.01 |
| 2026-08-14 12:00 | 08:06:53.01 | +20:32:31.9 | HIP 39711 | 21.06 |
| 2026-08-15 00:00 | 08:06:55.41 | +20:32:25.3 | HIP 39711 | 21.12 |
| 2026-08-15 12:00 | 08:06:57.80 | +20:32:18.7 | HIP 39711 | 21.20 |
| 2026-08-16 00:00 | 08:07:00.19 | +20:32:12.2 | HIP 39711 | 21.30 |
| 2026-08-16 12:00 | 08:07:02.56 | +20:32:05.6 | HIP 39711 | 21.41 |
| 2026-08-17 00:00 | 08:07:04.93 | +20:31:59.1 | HIP 39711 | 21.53 |
| 2026-08-17 12:00 | 08:07:07.28 | +20:31:52.7 | HIP 39711 | 21.66 |
| 2026-08-18 00:00 | 08:07:09.63 | +20:31:46.2 | HIP 39711 | 21.81 |
| 2026-08-18 12:00 | 08:07:11.97 | +20:31:39.8 | HIP 39711 | 21.97 |
| 2026-08-19 00:00 | 08:07:14.29 | +20:31:33.4 | HIP 39711 | 22.15 |