| Parameter |
Value |
| Designation |
C/2011 J2 (LINEAR) |
| Type |
C |
| Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) |
2013-12-25T07:20:37.112640Z |
| Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) |
2021-04-15T23:31:49Z |
| Obs used |
6434 |
| NEO |
- |
| M1 |
7.700 |
| K1 |
7.500 |
| PC |
0.030 |
Osculating Elements
| Parameter |
Value |
| Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) |
2014-01-22.0000000 |
| e |
1.00050456 |
| q (au) |
3.443446 |
| a (au) |
-6824.670055 |
| i (deg) |
122.798823 |
| Ω (om, deg) |
163.947568 |
| ω (w, deg) |
85.296082 |
| M (ma, deg) |
0.000048 |
Magnitude
Scatter + Global Linear
$$
M_a = (8.869 + 2.029\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta
$$
$$
\theta = 180^\circ - \alpha
$$
$$
\Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b)
$$
$$
\Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1
$$
Model Parameters
| Parameter |
Value |
| H0 |
8.869 |
| n |
2.029 |
| gf |
1.000 |
| gb |
-0.970 |
| k |
1.000 |
| δ90 |
10.000 |
| Parameter |
Symbol |
Range |
Description |
| Absolute magnitude at 1 AU from Sun and Earth |
H0 |
-5 to 20 |
Intrinsic brightness of the comet |
| Photometric slope parameter |
n |
2 to 6 |
Rate of brightness change with heliocentric distance |
| Forward scattering asymmetry factor |
gf |
0.8 to 1 |
Degree of forward scattering |
| Backward scattering asymmetry factor |
gb |
-1 to -0.5 |
Degree of backward scattering |
| Partitioning coefficient |
k |
0.8 to 1 |
Ratio between forward/backward scattering contributions |
| Dust-to-gas brightness ratio |
δ90 |
1 to 10 |
Relative contribution of dust scattering to gas emission |
Reference: EPSC-DPS2025-160
Residuals (Piecewise)
$$\epsilon = a \log_{10} r_{\mathrm{au}} + b$$
| Start (UTC) |
End (UTC) |
a |
b |
| 2011-03-10 |
2013-12-24 |
+0.7312 |
-0.692 |
| 2013-12-26 |
2014-08-07 |
+5.5794 |
-3.398 |
| 2014-08-07 |
2017-09-15 |
-0.6811 |
+0.668 |
log10 r = log10(heliocentric distance / AU), Δ = geocentric distance (AU)
Ephemeris
| Date/Time (UTC) |
RA (J2000) |
Dec (J2000) |
Nearest HIP |
Dist from HIP (arcmin) |
| 2026-09-20 00:00 |
22:12:39.68 |
-50:42:43.3 |
HIP 109564 |
12.59 |
| 2026-09-20 12:00 |
22:12:33.78 |
-50:42:46.0 |
HIP 109564 |
11.87 |
| 2026-09-21 00:00 |
22:12:27.90 |
-50:42:48.3 |
HIP 109564 |
11.20 |
| 2026-09-21 12:00 |
22:12:22.05 |
-50:42:50.3 |
HIP 109564 |
10.57 |
| 2026-09-22 00:00 |
22:12:16.23 |
-50:42:51.8 |
HIP 109564 |
9.99 |
| 2026-09-22 12:00 |
22:12:10.43 |
-50:42:52.9 |
HIP 109564 |
9.48 |
| 2026-09-23 00:00 |
22:12:04.67 |
-50:42:53.6 |
HIP 109564 |
9.03 |
| 2026-09-23 12:00 |
22:11:58.94 |
-50:42:53.9 |
HIP 109564 |
8.67 |
| 2026-09-24 00:00 |
22:11:53.23 |
-50:42:53.8 |
HIP 109564 |
8.40 |
| 2026-09-24 12:00 |
22:11:47.56 |
-50:42:53.3 |
HIP 109564 |
8.23 |
| 2026-09-25 00:00 |
22:11:41.91 |
-50:42:52.5 |
HIP 109564 |
8.16 |
| 2026-09-25 12:00 |
22:11:36.30 |
-50:42:51.2 |
HIP 109564 |
8.19 |
| 2026-09-26 00:00 |
22:11:30.72 |
-50:42:49.5 |
HIP 109564 |
8.33 |
| 2026-09-26 12:00 |
22:11:25.17 |
-50:42:47.4 |
HIP 109564 |
8.56 |
| 2026-09-27 00:00 |
22:11:19.65 |
-50:42:44.9 |
HIP 109564 |
8.87 |
| 2026-09-27 12:00 |
22:11:14.17 |
-50:42:42.1 |
HIP 109564 |
9.26 |
| 2026-09-28 00:00 |
22:11:08.72 |
-50:42:38.8 |
HIP 109564 |
9.72 |
| 2026-09-28 12:00 |
22:11:03.30 |
-50:42:35.1 |
HIP 109564 |
10.23 |
| 2026-09-29 00:00 |
22:10:57.92 |
-50:42:31.1 |
HIP 109564 |
10.78 |
| 2026-09-29 12:00 |
22:10:52.57 |
-50:42:26.6 |
HIP 109564 |
11.38 |
| 2026-09-30 00:00 |
22:10:47.26 |
-50:42:21.8 |
HIP 109564 |
12.01 |
| 2026-09-30 12:00 |
22:10:41.98 |
-50:42:16.6 |
HIP 109564 |
12.66 |
| 2026-10-01 00:00 |
22:10:36.74 |
-50:42:11.0 |
HIP 109564 |
13.33 |
| 2026-10-01 12:00 |
22:10:31.53 |
-50:42:05.0 |
HIP 109564 |
14.02 |
| 2026-10-02 00:00 |
22:10:26.36 |
-50:41:58.6 |
HIP 109331 |
14.67 |
| 2026-10-02 12:00 |
22:10:21.23 |
-50:41:51.9 |
HIP 109331 |
13.86 |
| 2026-10-03 00:00 |
22:10:16.13 |
-50:41:44.7 |
HIP 109331 |
13.07 |
| 2026-10-03 12:00 |
22:10:11.08 |
-50:41:37.2 |
HIP 109331 |
12.27 |
| 2026-10-04 00:00 |
22:10:06.06 |
-50:41:29.3 |
HIP 109331 |
11.49 |
| 2026-10-04 12:00 |
22:10:01.08 |
-50:41:21.0 |
HIP 109331 |
10.70 |
| 2026-10-05 00:00 |
22:09:56.13 |
-50:41:12.3 |
HIP 109331 |
9.93 |
| 2026-10-05 12:00 |
22:09:51.23 |
-50:41:03.3 |
HIP 109331 |
9.16 |
| 2026-10-06 00:00 |
22:09:46.37 |
-50:40:53.9 |
HIP 109331 |
8.40 |
| 2026-10-06 12:00 |
22:09:41.55 |
-50:40:44.1 |
HIP 109331 |
7.64 |
| 2026-10-07 00:00 |
22:09:36.76 |
-50:40:33.9 |
HIP 109331 |
6.90 |
| 2026-10-07 12:00 |
22:09:32.02 |
-50:40:23.4 |
HIP 109331 |
6.16 |
| 2026-10-08 00:00 |
22:09:27.32 |
-50:40:12.5 |
HIP 109331 |
5.44 |
| 2026-10-08 12:00 |
22:09:22.67 |
-50:40:01.2 |
HIP 109331 |
4.73 |
| 2026-10-09 00:00 |
22:09:18.05 |
-50:39:49.6 |
HIP 109331 |
4.04 |
| 2026-10-09 12:00 |
22:09:13.48 |
-50:39:37.6 |
HIP 109331 |
3.38 |
| 2026-10-10 00:00 |
22:09:08.95 |
-50:39:25.2 |
HIP 109331 |
2.77 |
| 2026-10-10 12:00 |
22:09:04.46 |
-50:39:12.5 |
HIP 109331 |
2.24 |
| 2026-10-11 00:00 |
22:09:00.02 |
-50:38:59.4 |
HIP 109331 |
1.85 |