C/2013 N4 (Borisov)

Metadata

Parameter Value
Designation C/2013 N4 (Borisov)
Type C
Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) 2013-08-21T12:19:51.456000Z
Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) 2021-04-15T23:32:37Z
Obs used 287
NEO -
M1 12.100
K1 5.250
PC -
Osculating Elements
Parameter Value
Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) 2013-09-15.0000000
e 0.97480289
q (au) 1.210405
a (au) 48.037448
i (deg) 37.035278
Ω (om, deg) 322.609954
ω (w, deg) 142.280706
M (ma, deg) 0.072486

Magnitude

C/2013 N4 (Borisov) · Magnitude (Full range)

Scatter + Global Linear

$$ M_a = (13.680 + 4.775\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta $$ $$ \theta = 180^\circ - \alpha $$ $$ \Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b) $$ $$ \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1 $$

Model Parameters

Parameter Value
H0 13.680
n 4.775
gf 1.000
gb -0.733
k 0.800
δ90 10.000
Parameter Symbol Range Description
Absolute magnitude at 1 AU from Sun and Earth H0 -5 to 20 Intrinsic brightness of the comet
Photometric slope parameter n 2 to 6 Rate of brightness change with heliocentric distance
Forward scattering asymmetry factor gf 0.8 to 1 Degree of forward scattering
Backward scattering asymmetry factor gb -1 to -0.5 Degree of backward scattering
Partitioning coefficient k 0.8 to 1 Ratio between forward/backward scattering contributions
Dust-to-gas brightness ratio δ90 1 to 10 Relative contribution of dust scattering to gas emission

Reference: EPSC-DPS2025-160

Residuals (Piecewise)

$$\epsilon = a \log_{10} r_{\mathrm{au}} + b$$

Start (UTC) End (UTC) a b
2013-07-08 2013-08-18 +21.8907 -2.670
2013-08-25 2013-12-11 -5.2553 -1.508
2013-12-11 2014-04-30 +14.2425 -6.622

log10 r = log10(heliocentric distance / AU), Δ = geocentric distance (AU)

Ephemeris

Date/Time (UTC) RA (J2000) Dec (J2000) Nearest HIP Dist from HIP (arcmin)
2026-09-20 00:00 17:50:15.84 -54:11:01.8 HIP 87366 8.73
2026-09-20 12:00 17:50:16.29 -54:10:28.2 HIP 87366 9.00
2026-09-21 00:00 17:50:16.80 -54:09:54.6 HIP 87366 9.30
2026-09-21 12:00 17:50:17.36 -54:09:21.0 HIP 87366 9.61
2026-09-22 00:00 17:50:17.99 -54:08:47.5 HIP 87366 9.93
2026-09-22 12:00 17:50:18.69 -54:08:14.0 HIP 87366 10.27
2026-09-23 00:00 17:50:19.44 -54:07:40.6 HIP 87366 10.62
2026-09-23 12:00 17:50:20.25 -54:07:07.2 HIP 87366 10.99
2026-09-24 00:00 17:50:21.12 -54:06:33.8 HIP 87366 11.37
2026-09-24 12:00 17:50:22.05 -54:06:00.5 HIP 87366 11.75
2026-09-25 00:00 17:50:23.05 -54:05:27.2 HIP 87366 12.15
2026-09-25 12:00 17:50:24.10 -54:04:54.0 HIP 87366 12.55
2026-09-26 00:00 17:50:25.21 -54:04:20.8 HIP 87366 12.97
2026-09-26 12:00 17:50:26.39 -54:03:47.7 HIP 87366 13.39
2026-09-27 00:00 17:50:27.62 -54:03:14.6 HIP 87366 13.82
2026-09-27 12:00 17:50:28.91 -54:02:41.6 HIP 87366 14.25
2026-09-28 00:00 17:50:30.27 -54:02:08.6 HIP 87386 14.37
2026-09-28 12:00 17:50:31.68 -54:01:35.7 HIP 87386 13.80
2026-09-29 00:00 17:50:33.15 -54:01:02.9 HIP 87386 13.23
2026-09-29 12:00 17:50:34.68 -54:00:30.1 HIP 87386 12.66
2026-09-30 00:00 17:50:36.27 -53:59:57.4 HIP 87386 12.08
2026-09-30 12:00 17:50:37.91 -53:59:24.7 HIP 87386 11.51
2026-10-01 00:00 17:50:39.62 -53:58:52.2 HIP 87386 10.92
2026-10-01 12:00 17:50:41.38 -53:58:19.7 HIP 87386 10.34
2026-10-02 00:00 17:50:43.21 -53:57:47.2 HIP 87386 9.75
2026-10-02 12:00 17:50:45.09 -53:57:14.9 HIP 87386 9.16
2026-10-03 00:00 17:50:47.03 -53:56:42.6 HIP 87386 8.57
2026-10-03 12:00 17:50:49.03 -53:56:10.4 HIP 87386 7.98
2026-10-04 00:00 17:50:51.08 -53:55:38.3 HIP 87386 7.38
2026-10-04 12:00 17:50:53.20 -53:55:06.3 HIP 87386 6.78
2026-10-05 00:00 17:50:55.37 -53:54:34.4 HIP 87386 6.18
2026-10-05 12:00 17:50:57.60 -53:54:02.5 HIP 87386 5.58
2026-10-06 00:00 17:50:59.88 -53:53:30.7 HIP 87386 4.98
2026-10-06 12:00 17:51:02.22 -53:52:59.1 HIP 87386 4.38
2026-10-07 00:00 17:51:04.63 -53:52:27.5 HIP 87386 3.78
2026-10-07 12:00 17:51:07.08 -53:51:56.0 HIP 87386 3.19
2026-10-08 00:00 17:51:09.60 -53:51:24.6 HIP 87386 2.62
2026-10-08 12:00 17:51:12.17 -53:50:53.4 HIP 87386 2.09
2026-10-09 00:00 17:51:14.79 -53:50:22.2 HIP 87386 1.62
2026-10-09 12:00 17:51:17.48 -53:49:51.1 HIP 87386 1.31
2026-10-10 00:00 17:51:20.21 -53:49:20.1 HIP 87386 1.28
2026-10-10 12:00 17:51:23.01 -53:48:49.3 HIP 87386 1.55
2026-10-11 00:00 17:51:25.86 -53:48:18.5 HIP 87386 2.01