| Parameter |
Value |
| Designation |
C/2014 U3 (Kowalski) |
| Type |
C |
| Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) |
2014-09-02T20:08:26.016000Z |
| Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) |
2022-08-01T03:23:53Z |
| Obs used |
51 |
| NEO |
- |
| M1 |
5.200 |
| K1 |
29.000 |
| PC |
0.030 |
Osculating Elements
| Parameter |
Value |
| Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) |
2014-10-13.0000000 |
| e |
0.99332244 |
| q (au) |
2.555822 |
| a (au) |
382.748050 |
| i (deg) |
152.993159 |
| Ω (om, deg) |
163.558521 |
| ω (w, deg) |
51.065952 |
| M (ma, deg) |
0.005286 |
Magnitude
Scatter + Global Linear
$$
M_a = (10.351 + 6.000\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta
$$
$$
\theta = 180^\circ - \alpha
$$
$$
\Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b)
$$
$$
\Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1
$$
Model Parameters
| Parameter |
Value |
| H0 |
10.351 |
| n |
6.000 |
| gf |
1.000 |
| gb |
-0.500 |
| k |
1.000 |
| δ90 |
10.000 |
| Parameter |
Symbol |
Range |
Description |
| Absolute magnitude at 1 AU from Sun and Earth |
H0 |
-5 to 20 |
Intrinsic brightness of the comet |
| Photometric slope parameter |
n |
2 to 6 |
Rate of brightness change with heliocentric distance |
| Forward scattering asymmetry factor |
gf |
0.8 to 1 |
Degree of forward scattering |
| Backward scattering asymmetry factor |
gb |
-1 to -0.5 |
Degree of backward scattering |
| Partitioning coefficient |
k |
0.8 to 1 |
Ratio between forward/backward scattering contributions |
| Dust-to-gas brightness ratio |
δ90 |
1 to 10 |
Relative contribution of dust scattering to gas emission |
Reference: EPSC-DPS2025-160
Ephemeris
| Date/Time (UTC) |
RA (J2000) |
Dec (J2000) |
Nearest HIP |
Dist from HIP (arcmin) |
| 2026-06-01 00:00 |
22:26:12.66 |
-17:19:19.0 |
HIP 110813 |
12.55 |
| 2026-06-01 12:00 |
22:26:11.95 |
-17:19:34.4 |
HIP 110806 |
12.58 |
| 2026-06-02 00:00 |
22:26:11.21 |
-17:19:49.9 |
HIP 110806 |
12.62 |
| 2026-06-02 12:00 |
22:26:10.44 |
-17:20:05.7 |
HIP 110806 |
12.67 |
| 2026-06-03 00:00 |
22:26:09.62 |
-17:20:21.7 |
HIP 110806 |
12.74 |
| 2026-06-03 12:00 |
22:26:08.77 |
-17:20:37.8 |
HIP 110806 |
12.82 |
| 2026-06-04 00:00 |
22:26:07.89 |
-17:20:54.2 |
HIP 110806 |
12.92 |
| 2026-06-04 12:00 |
22:26:06.97 |
-17:21:10.7 |
HIP 110806 |
13.03 |
| 2026-06-05 00:00 |
22:26:06.01 |
-17:21:27.5 |
HIP 110806 |
13.16 |
| 2026-06-05 12:00 |
22:26:05.01 |
-17:21:44.4 |
HIP 110806 |
13.30 |
| 2026-06-06 00:00 |
22:26:03.98 |
-17:22:01.6 |
HIP 110806 |
13.46 |
| 2026-06-06 12:00 |
22:26:02.91 |
-17:22:18.9 |
HIP 110806 |
13.64 |
| 2026-06-07 00:00 |
22:26:01.80 |
-17:22:36.5 |
HIP 110806 |
13.83 |
| 2026-06-07 12:00 |
22:26:00.66 |
-17:22:54.2 |
HIP 110806 |
14.04 |
| 2026-06-08 00:00 |
22:25:59.48 |
-17:23:12.1 |
HIP 110806 |
14.27 |
| 2026-06-08 12:00 |
22:25:58.26 |
-17:23:30.2 |
HIP 110806 |
14.51 |
| 2026-06-09 00:00 |
22:25:57.01 |
-17:23:48.5 |
HIP 110806 |
14.77 |
| 2026-06-09 12:00 |
22:25:55.72 |
-17:24:07.0 |
HIP 110806 |
15.04 |
| 2026-06-10 00:00 |
22:25:54.40 |
-17:24:25.7 |
HIP 110806 |
15.33 |
| 2026-06-10 12:00 |
22:25:53.04 |
-17:24:44.6 |
HIP 110806 |
15.64 |
| 2026-06-11 00:00 |
22:25:51.64 |
-17:25:03.7 |
HIP 110806 |
15.96 |
| 2026-06-11 12:00 |
22:25:50.20 |
-17:25:22.9 |
HIP 110806 |
16.30 |
| 2026-06-12 00:00 |
22:25:48.73 |
-17:25:42.4 |
HIP 110806 |
16.65 |
| 2026-06-12 12:00 |
22:25:47.22 |
-17:26:02.0 |
HIP 110806 |
17.02 |
| 2026-06-13 00:00 |
22:25:45.68 |
-17:26:21.8 |
HIP 110806 |
17.40 |
| 2026-06-13 12:00 |
22:25:44.10 |
-17:26:41.8 |
HIP 110806 |
17.79 |
| 2026-06-14 00:00 |
22:25:42.49 |
-17:27:01.9 |
HIP 110806 |
18.20 |
| 2026-06-14 12:00 |
22:25:40.84 |
-17:27:22.3 |
HIP 110615 |
18.00 |
| 2026-06-15 00:00 |
22:25:39.15 |
-17:27:42.8 |
HIP 110615 |
17.48 |
| 2026-06-15 12:00 |
22:25:37.42 |
-17:28:03.5 |
HIP 110615 |
16.96 |
| 2026-06-16 00:00 |
22:25:35.67 |
-17:28:24.4 |
HIP 110615 |
16.43 |
| 2026-06-16 12:00 |
22:25:33.87 |
-17:28:45.5 |
HIP 110615 |
15.89 |
| 2026-06-17 00:00 |
22:25:32.04 |
-17:29:06.7 |
HIP 110615 |
15.35 |
| 2026-06-17 12:00 |
22:25:30.17 |
-17:29:28.1 |
HIP 110615 |
14.80 |
| 2026-06-18 00:00 |
22:25:28.27 |
-17:29:49.7 |
HIP 110615 |
14.23 |
| 2026-06-18 12:00 |
22:25:26.34 |
-17:30:11.4 |
HIP 110615 |
13.67 |
| 2026-06-19 00:00 |
22:25:24.37 |
-17:30:33.4 |
HIP 110615 |
13.09 |
| 2026-06-19 12:00 |
22:25:22.36 |
-17:30:55.5 |
HIP 110615 |
12.51 |
| 2026-06-20 00:00 |
22:25:20.32 |
-17:31:17.7 |
HIP 110615 |
11.92 |
| 2026-06-20 12:00 |
22:25:18.24 |
-17:31:40.1 |
HIP 110615 |
11.33 |
| 2026-06-21 00:00 |
22:25:16.13 |
-17:32:02.7 |
HIP 110615 |
10.72 |
| 2026-06-21 12:00 |
22:25:13.99 |
-17:32:25.4 |
HIP 110615 |
10.12 |
| 2026-06-22 00:00 |
22:25:11.81 |
-17:32:48.3 |
HIP 110615 |
9.51 |