C/2016 R2 (PANSTARRS)

Metadata

Parameter Value
Designation C/2016 R2 (PANSTARRS)
Type C
Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) 2018-05-09T13:59:38.526720Z
Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) 2021-07-01T22:12:39Z
Obs used 4319
NEO -
M1 7.300
K1 9.750
PC 0.030
Osculating Elements
Parameter Value
Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) 2018-05-29.0000000
e 0.99630739
q (au) 2.602364
a (au) 704.748706
i (deg) 58.224063
Ω (om, deg) 80.569029
ω (w, deg) 33.191899
M (ma, deg) 0.001023

Magnitude

C/2016 R2 (PANSTARRS) · Magnitude (Full range)

Scatter + Global Linear

$$ M_a = (11.079 + 2.000\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta $$ $$ \theta = 180^\circ - \alpha $$ $$ \Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b) $$ $$ \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1 $$

Model Parameters

Parameter Value
H0 11.079
n 2.000
gf 0.973
gb -0.500
k 0.801
δ90 1.411
Parameter Symbol Range Description
Absolute magnitude at 1 AU from Sun and Earth H0 -5 to 20 Intrinsic brightness of the comet
Photometric slope parameter n 2 to 6 Rate of brightness change with heliocentric distance
Forward scattering asymmetry factor gf 0.8 to 1 Degree of forward scattering
Backward scattering asymmetry factor gb -1 to -0.5 Degree of backward scattering
Partitioning coefficient k 0.8 to 1 Ratio between forward/backward scattering contributions
Dust-to-gas brightness ratio δ90 1 to 10 Relative contribution of dust scattering to gas emission

Reference: EPSC-DPS2025-160

Residuals (Piecewise)

$$\epsilon = a \log_{10} r_{\mathrm{au}} + b$$

Start (UTC) End (UTC) a b
2016-08-30 2017-12-27 -1.8441 +0.387
2017-12-27 2018-05-08 +20.4771 -9.983
2018-05-09 2021-06-27 +6.0713 -4.191

log10 r = log10(heliocentric distance / AU), Δ = geocentric distance (AU)

Ephemeris

Date/Time (UTC) RA (J2000) Dec (J2000) Nearest HIP Dist from HIP (arcmin)
2026-09-20 00:00 16:52:16.16 -15:49:35.5 HIP 82536 3.40
2026-09-20 12:00 16:52:17.87 -15:49:55.7 HIP 82536 3.12
2026-09-21 00:00 16:52:19.62 -15:50:16.0 HIP 82536 2.92
2026-09-21 12:00 16:52:21.42 -15:50:36.4 HIP 82536 2.82
2026-09-22 00:00 16:52:23.26 -15:50:56.8 HIP 82536 2.83
2026-09-22 12:00 16:52:25.15 -15:51:17.2 HIP 82536 2.96
2026-09-23 00:00 16:52:27.09 -15:51:37.6 HIP 82536 3.19
2026-09-23 12:00 16:52:29.07 -15:51:58.1 HIP 82536 3.51
2026-09-24 00:00 16:52:31.10 -15:52:18.7 HIP 82536 3.91
2026-09-24 12:00 16:52:33.18 -15:52:39.2 HIP 82536 4.36
2026-09-25 00:00 16:52:35.30 -15:52:59.8 HIP 82536 4.86
2026-09-25 12:00 16:52:37.46 -15:53:20.4 HIP 82536 5.39
2026-09-26 00:00 16:52:39.67 -15:53:41.1 HIP 82536 5.95
2026-09-26 12:00 16:52:41.92 -15:54:01.8 HIP 82536 6.54
2026-09-27 00:00 16:52:44.22 -15:54:22.5 HIP 82536 7.14
2026-09-27 12:00 16:52:46.56 -15:54:43.2 HIP 82536 7.77
2026-09-28 00:00 16:52:48.95 -15:55:04.0 HIP 82536 8.41
2026-09-28 12:00 16:52:51.38 -15:55:24.8 HIP 82536 9.06
2026-09-29 00:00 16:52:53.86 -15:55:45.6 HIP 82536 9.73
2026-09-29 12:00 16:52:56.37 -15:56:06.5 HIP 82536 10.41
2026-09-30 00:00 16:52:58.94 -15:56:27.3 HIP 82536 11.10
2026-09-30 12:00 16:53:01.54 -15:56:48.2 HIP 82536 11.81
2026-10-01 00:00 16:53:04.19 -15:57:09.2 HIP 82536 12.52
2026-10-01 12:00 16:53:06.88 -15:57:30.1 HIP 82536 13.25
2026-10-02 00:00 16:53:09.62 -15:57:51.1 HIP 82536 13.99
2026-10-02 12:00 16:53:12.39 -15:58:12.1 HIP 82581 14.29
2026-10-03 00:00 16:53:15.21 -15:58:33.1 HIP 82581 14.17
2026-10-03 12:00 16:53:18.08 -15:58:54.1 HIP 82581 14.09
2026-10-04 00:00 16:53:20.98 -15:59:15.1 HIP 82581 14.06
2026-10-04 12:00 16:53:23.93 -15:59:36.2 HIP 82581 14.07
2026-10-05 00:00 16:53:26.92 -15:59:57.2 HIP 82581 14.14
2026-10-05 12:00 16:53:29.95 -16:00:18.3 HIP 82581 14.25
2026-10-06 00:00 16:53:33.02 -16:00:39.4 HIP 82581 14.42
2026-10-06 12:00 16:53:36.13 -16:01:00.5 HIP 82581 14.64
2026-10-07 00:00 16:53:39.29 -16:01:21.6 HIP 82581 14.90
2026-10-07 12:00 16:53:42.48 -16:01:42.8 HIP 82581 15.22
2026-10-08 00:00 16:53:45.72 -16:02:03.9 HIP 82581 15.58
2026-10-08 12:00 16:53:48.99 -16:02:25.1 HIP 82581 15.98
2026-10-09 00:00 16:53:52.31 -16:02:46.2 HIP 82581 16.43
2026-10-09 12:00 16:53:55.66 -16:03:07.4 HIP 82581 16.92
2026-10-10 00:00 16:53:59.06 -16:03:28.5 HIP 82581 17.45
2026-10-10 12:00 16:54:02.49 -16:03:49.7 HIP 82581 18.02
2026-10-11 00:00 16:54:05.97 -16:04:10.9 HIP 82581 18.62