| Parameter |
Value |
| Designation |
P/2016 R4 (Gibbs) |
| Type |
P |
| Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) |
2016-07-20T12:01:25.501440Z |
| Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) |
2022-05-19T21:13:38Z |
| Obs used |
196 |
| NEO |
- |
| M1 |
15.600 |
| K1 |
4.500 |
| PC |
- |
Osculating Elements
| Parameter |
Value |
| Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) |
2016-09-22.0000000 |
| e |
0.47506023 |
| q (au) |
2.800531 |
| a (au) |
5.334957 |
| i (deg) |
10.862086 |
| Ω (om, deg) |
168.346862 |
| ω (w, deg) |
174.058692 |
| M (ma, deg) |
5.078958 |
Magnitude
Scatter + Global Linear
$$
M_a = (16.381 + 2.000\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta
$$
$$
\theta = 180^\circ - \alpha
$$
$$
\Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b)
$$
$$
\Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1
$$
Model Parameters
| Parameter |
Value |
| H0 |
16.381 |
| n |
2.000 |
| gf |
0.833 |
| gb |
-0.660 |
| k |
0.903 |
| δ90 |
1.118 |
| Parameter |
Symbol |
Range |
Description |
| Absolute magnitude at 1 AU from Sun and Earth |
H0 |
-5 to 20 |
Intrinsic brightness of the comet |
| Photometric slope parameter |
n |
2 to 6 |
Rate of brightness change with heliocentric distance |
| Forward scattering asymmetry factor |
gf |
0.8 to 1 |
Degree of forward scattering |
| Backward scattering asymmetry factor |
gb |
-1 to -0.5 |
Degree of backward scattering |
| Partitioning coefficient |
k |
0.8 to 1 |
Ratio between forward/backward scattering contributions |
| Dust-to-gas brightness ratio |
δ90 |
1 to 10 |
Relative contribution of dust scattering to gas emission |
Reference: EPSC-DPS2025-160
Finding Chart
Ephemeris
| Date/Time (UTC) |
RA (J2000) |
Dec (J2000) |
Nearest HIP |
Dist from HIP (arcmin) |
| 2026-07-29 00:00 |
13:59:36.70 |
-03:09:25.2 |
HIP 68297 |
18.46 |
| 2026-07-29 12:00 |
13:59:44.89 |
-03:10:41.9 |
HIP 68297 |
20.74 |
| 2026-07-30 00:00 |
13:59:53.23 |
-03:11:59.3 |
HIP 68380 |
21.01 |
| 2026-07-30 12:00 |
14:00:01.72 |
-03:13:17.4 |
HIP 68380 |
19.93 |
| 2026-07-31 00:00 |
14:00:10.35 |
-03:14:36.2 |
HIP 68380 |
19.11 |
| 2026-07-31 12:00 |
14:00:19.12 |
-03:15:55.7 |
HIP 68380 |
18.61 |
| 2026-08-01 00:00 |
14:00:28.04 |
-03:17:15.8 |
HIP 68380 |
18.45 |
| 2026-08-01 12:00 |
14:00:37.11 |
-03:18:36.5 |
HIP 68380 |
18.68 |
| 2026-08-02 00:00 |
14:00:46.32 |
-03:19:58.0 |
HIP 68380 |
19.28 |
| 2026-08-02 12:00 |
14:00:55.67 |
-03:21:20.1 |
HIP 68380 |
20.25 |
| 2026-08-03 00:00 |
14:01:05.16 |
-03:22:42.8 |
HIP 68380 |
21.54 |
| 2026-08-03 12:00 |
14:01:14.80 |
-03:24:06.2 |
HIP 68380 |
23.11 |
| 2026-08-04 00:00 |
14:01:24.58 |
-03:25:30.2 |
HIP 68380 |
24.92 |
| 2026-08-04 12:00 |
14:01:34.50 |
-03:26:54.9 |
HIP 68380 |
26.94 |
| 2026-08-05 00:00 |
14:01:44.56 |
-03:28:20.1 |
HIP 68380 |
29.13 |
| 2026-08-05 12:00 |
14:01:54.76 |
-03:29:46.0 |
HIP 68380 |
31.47 |
| 2026-08-06 00:00 |
14:02:05.10 |
-03:31:12.5 |
HIP 68380 |
33.93 |
| 2026-08-06 12:00 |
14:02:15.58 |
-03:32:39.7 |
HIP 68755 |
32.18 |
| 2026-08-07 00:00 |
14:02:26.20 |
-03:34:07.4 |
HIP 68755 |
29.82 |
| 2026-08-07 12:00 |
14:02:36.96 |
-03:35:35.7 |
HIP 68755 |
27.57 |
| 2026-08-08 00:00 |
14:02:47.86 |
-03:37:04.6 |
HIP 68755 |
25.45 |
| 2026-08-08 12:00 |
14:02:58.90 |
-03:38:34.1 |
HIP 68755 |
23.53 |
| 2026-08-09 00:00 |
14:03:10.07 |
-03:40:04.2 |
HIP 68755 |
21.86 |
| 2026-08-09 12:00 |
14:03:21.38 |
-03:41:34.9 |
HIP 68716 |
20.43 |
| 2026-08-10 00:00 |
14:03:32.82 |
-03:43:06.1 |
HIP 68716 |
17.79 |
| 2026-08-10 12:00 |
14:03:44.40 |
-03:44:37.9 |
HIP 68716 |
15.35 |
| 2026-08-11 00:00 |
14:03:56.12 |
-03:46:10.3 |
HIP 68716 |
13.26 |
| 2026-08-11 12:00 |
14:04:07.97 |
-03:47:43.2 |
HIP 68716 |
11.74 |
| 2026-08-12 00:00 |
14:04:19.96 |
-03:49:16.6 |
HIP 68716 |
11.05 |
| 2026-08-12 12:00 |
14:04:32.08 |
-03:50:50.6 |
HIP 68716 |
11.38 |
| 2026-08-13 00:00 |
14:04:44.33 |
-03:52:25.1 |
HIP 68716 |
12.68 |
| 2026-08-13 12:00 |
14:04:56.72 |
-03:54:00.2 |
HIP 68716 |
14.71 |
| 2026-08-14 00:00 |
14:05:09.24 |
-03:55:35.7 |
HIP 68716 |
17.24 |
| 2026-08-14 12:00 |
14:05:21.88 |
-03:57:11.8 |
HIP 68899 |
20.06 |
| 2026-08-15 00:00 |
14:05:34.66 |
-03:58:48.4 |
HIP 68899 |
16.58 |
| 2026-08-15 12:00 |
14:05:47.57 |
-04:00:25.5 |
HIP 68899 |
13.14 |
| 2026-08-16 00:00 |
14:06:00.61 |
-04:02:03.0 |
HIP 68899 |
9.77 |
| 2026-08-16 12:00 |
14:06:13.78 |
-04:03:41.1 |
HIP 68899 |
6.69 |
| 2026-08-17 00:00 |
14:06:27.07 |
-04:05:19.6 |
HIP 68899 |
4.55 |
| 2026-08-17 12:00 |
14:06:40.49 |
-04:06:58.6 |
HIP 68899 |
4.93 |
| 2026-08-18 00:00 |
14:06:54.04 |
-04:08:38.1 |
HIP 68899 |
7.50 |
| 2026-08-18 12:00 |
14:07:07.71 |
-04:10:18.0 |
HIP 68899 |
10.82 |
| 2026-08-19 00:00 |
14:07:21.51 |
-04:11:58.3 |
HIP 68899 |
14.41 |