| Parameter |
Value |
| Designation |
22P/Kopff |
| Type |
P |
| Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) |
2022-03-17T21:18:35.899200Z |
| Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) |
2026-01-08T08:23:21Z |
| Obs used |
2690 |
| NEO |
- |
| M1 |
11.900 |
| K1 |
9.750 |
| PC |
- |
Osculating Elements
| Parameter |
Value |
| Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) |
2019-03-03.0000000 |
| e |
0.54862257 |
| q (au) |
1.554732 |
| a (au) |
3.444417 |
| i (deg) |
4.739898 |
| Ω (om, deg) |
120.835441 |
| ω (w, deg) |
162.912936 |
| M (ma, deg) |
188.722339 |
Magnitude
Scatter + Global Linear
$$
M_a = (15.142 + 6.000\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta
$$
$$
\theta = 180^\circ - \alpha
$$
$$
\Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b)
$$
$$
\Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1
$$
Model Parameters
| Parameter |
Value |
| H0 |
15.142 |
| n |
6.000 |
| gf |
0.994 |
| gb |
-1.000 |
| k |
0.882 |
| δ90 |
4.709 |
| Parameter |
Symbol |
Range |
Description |
| Absolute magnitude at 1 AU from Sun and Earth |
H0 |
-5 to 20 |
Intrinsic brightness of the comet |
| Photometric slope parameter |
n |
2 to 6 |
Rate of brightness change with heliocentric distance |
| Forward scattering asymmetry factor |
gf |
0.8 to 1 |
Degree of forward scattering |
| Backward scattering asymmetry factor |
gb |
-1 to -0.5 |
Degree of backward scattering |
| Partitioning coefficient |
k |
0.8 to 1 |
Ratio between forward/backward scattering contributions |
| Dust-to-gas brightness ratio |
δ90 |
1 to 10 |
Relative contribution of dust scattering to gas emission |
Reference: EPSC-DPS2025-160
Ephemeris
| Date/Time (UTC) |
RA (J2000) |
Dec (J2000) |
Nearest HIP |
Dist from HIP (arcmin) |
| 2026-09-20 00:00 |
09:26:45.78 |
+15:59:09.8 |
HIP 46397 |
19.53 |
| 2026-09-20 12:00 |
09:27:10.34 |
+15:57:26.4 |
HIP 46397 |
14.71 |
| 2026-09-21 00:00 |
09:27:34.83 |
+15:55:43.1 |
HIP 46397 |
11.27 |
| 2026-09-21 12:00 |
09:27:59.26 |
+15:54:00.0 |
HIP 46397 |
10.62 |
| 2026-09-22 00:00 |
09:28:23.63 |
+15:52:17.0 |
HIP 46397 |
13.17 |
| 2026-09-22 12:00 |
09:28:47.94 |
+15:50:34.2 |
HIP 46397 |
17.55 |
| 2026-09-23 00:00 |
09:29:12.18 |
+15:48:51.6 |
HIP 46397 |
22.73 |
| 2026-09-23 12:00 |
09:29:36.36 |
+15:47:09.1 |
HIP 46397 |
28.25 |
| 2026-09-24 00:00 |
09:30:00.48 |
+15:45:26.9 |
HIP 46745 |
23.73 |
| 2026-09-24 12:00 |
09:30:24.52 |
+15:43:44.8 |
HIP 46745 |
18.10 |
| 2026-09-25 00:00 |
09:30:48.51 |
+15:42:02.9 |
HIP 46745 |
12.85 |
| 2026-09-25 12:00 |
09:31:12.42 |
+15:40:21.2 |
HIP 46745 |
8.68 |
| 2026-09-26 00:00 |
09:31:36.27 |
+15:38:39.7 |
HIP 46745 |
7.57 |
| 2026-09-26 12:00 |
09:32:00.05 |
+15:36:58.5 |
HIP 46745 |
10.53 |
| 2026-09-27 00:00 |
09:32:23.76 |
+15:35:17.4 |
HIP 46745 |
15.33 |
| 2026-09-27 12:00 |
09:32:47.40 |
+15:33:36.6 |
HIP 46926 |
16.20 |
| 2026-09-28 00:00 |
09:33:10.97 |
+15:31:55.9 |
HIP 46926 |
10.28 |
| 2026-09-28 12:00 |
09:33:34.47 |
+15:30:15.6 |
HIP 46926 |
4.40 |
| 2026-09-29 00:00 |
09:33:57.89 |
+15:28:35.4 |
HIP 46926 |
1.61 |
| 2026-09-29 12:00 |
09:34:21.25 |
+15:26:55.5 |
HIP 46926 |
7.40 |
| 2026-09-30 00:00 |
09:34:44.53 |
+15:25:15.9 |
HIP 46926 |
13.25 |
| 2026-09-30 12:00 |
09:35:07.73 |
+15:23:36.5 |
HIP 46926 |
19.08 |
| 2026-10-01 00:00 |
09:35:30.86 |
+15:21:57.3 |
HIP 46926 |
24.89 |
| 2026-10-01 12:00 |
09:35:53.92 |
+15:20:18.5 |
HIP 47211 |
20.76 |
| 2026-10-02 00:00 |
09:36:16.90 |
+15:18:39.9 |
HIP 47211 |
14.99 |
| 2026-10-02 12:00 |
09:36:39.80 |
+15:17:01.6 |
HIP 47211 |
9.24 |
| 2026-10-03 00:00 |
09:37:02.62 |
+15:15:23.5 |
HIP 47211 |
3.55 |
| 2026-10-03 12:00 |
09:37:25.37 |
+15:13:45.8 |
HIP 47211 |
2.39 |
| 2026-10-04 00:00 |
09:37:48.03 |
+15:12:08.4 |
HIP 47211 |
8.00 |
| 2026-10-04 12:00 |
09:38:10.61 |
+15:10:31.3 |
HIP 47211 |
13.66 |
| 2026-10-05 00:00 |
09:38:33.11 |
+15:08:54.5 |
HIP 47211 |
19.32 |
| 2026-10-05 12:00 |
09:38:55.53 |
+15:07:18.0 |
HIP 47211 |
24.96 |
| 2026-10-06 00:00 |
09:39:17.86 |
+15:05:41.9 |
HIP 47211 |
30.58 |
| 2026-10-06 12:00 |
09:39:40.11 |
+15:04:06.1 |
HIP 47211 |
36.18 |
| 2026-10-07 00:00 |
09:40:02.27 |
+15:02:30.7 |
HIP 47597 |
36.84 |
| 2026-10-07 12:00 |
09:40:24.34 |
+15:00:55.6 |
HIP 47597 |
31.39 |
| 2026-10-08 00:00 |
09:40:46.33 |
+14:59:20.8 |
HIP 47597 |
26.00 |
| 2026-10-08 12:00 |
09:41:08.23 |
+14:57:46.5 |
HIP 47597 |
20.71 |
| 2026-10-09 00:00 |
09:41:30.03 |
+14:56:12.5 |
HIP 47597 |
15.60 |
| 2026-10-09 12:00 |
09:41:51.75 |
+14:54:38.9 |
HIP 47597 |
10.89 |
| 2026-10-10 00:00 |
09:42:13.37 |
+14:53:05.7 |
HIP 47597 |
7.35 |
| 2026-10-10 12:00 |
09:42:34.90 |
+14:51:32.9 |
HIP 47597 |
6.98 |
| 2026-10-11 00:00 |
09:42:56.34 |
+14:50:00.6 |
HIP 47597 |
10.10 |