| Parameter |
Value |
| Designation |
22P/Kopff |
| Type |
P |
| Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) |
2022-03-17T21:18:35.899200Z |
| Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) |
2026-01-08T08:23:21Z |
| Obs used |
2690 |
| NEO |
- |
| M1 |
11.900 |
| K1 |
9.750 |
| PC |
- |
Osculating Elements
| Parameter |
Value |
| Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) |
2019-03-03.0000000 |
| e |
0.54862257 |
| q (au) |
1.554732 |
| a (au) |
3.444417 |
| i (deg) |
4.739898 |
| Ω (om, deg) |
120.835441 |
| ω (w, deg) |
162.912936 |
| M (ma, deg) |
188.722339 |
Magnitude
Scatter + Global Linear
$$
M_a = (15.142 + 6.000\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta
$$
$$
\theta = 180^\circ - \alpha
$$
$$
\Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b)
$$
$$
\Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1
$$
Model Parameters
| Parameter |
Value |
| H0 |
15.142 |
| n |
6.000 |
| gf |
0.994 |
| gb |
-1.000 |
| k |
0.882 |
| δ90 |
4.709 |
| Parameter |
Symbol |
Range |
Description |
| Absolute magnitude at 1 AU from Sun and Earth |
H0 |
-5 to 20 |
Intrinsic brightness of the comet |
| Photometric slope parameter |
n |
2 to 6 |
Rate of brightness change with heliocentric distance |
| Forward scattering asymmetry factor |
gf |
0.8 to 1 |
Degree of forward scattering |
| Backward scattering asymmetry factor |
gb |
-1 to -0.5 |
Degree of backward scattering |
| Partitioning coefficient |
k |
0.8 to 1 |
Ratio between forward/backward scattering contributions |
| Dust-to-gas brightness ratio |
δ90 |
1 to 10 |
Relative contribution of dust scattering to gas emission |
Reference: EPSC-DPS2025-160
Ephemeris
| Date/Time (UTC) |
RA (J2000) |
Dec (J2000) |
Nearest HIP |
Dist from HIP (arcmin) |
| 2026-07-29 00:00 |
08:39:57.42 |
+18:59:37.9 |
HIP 42542 |
21.98 |
| 2026-07-29 12:00 |
08:40:24.63 |
+18:58:04.5 |
HIP 42542 |
22.89 |
| 2026-07-30 00:00 |
08:40:51.84 |
+18:56:30.8 |
HIP 42705 |
18.68 |
| 2026-07-30 12:00 |
08:41:19.07 |
+18:54:56.8 |
HIP 42705 |
12.29 |
| 2026-07-31 00:00 |
08:41:46.30 |
+18:53:22.6 |
HIP 42705 |
6.39 |
| 2026-07-31 12:00 |
08:42:13.53 |
+18:51:48.1 |
HIP 42705 |
4.31 |
| 2026-08-01 00:00 |
08:42:40.77 |
+18:50:13.3 |
HIP 42705 |
9.18 |
| 2026-08-01 12:00 |
08:43:08.02 |
+18:48:38.2 |
HIP 42705 |
15.43 |
| 2026-08-02 00:00 |
08:43:35.27 |
+18:47:02.9 |
HIP 42853 |
15.79 |
| 2026-08-02 12:00 |
08:44:02.52 |
+18:45:27.3 |
HIP 42853 |
16.66 |
| 2026-08-03 00:00 |
08:44:29.78 |
+18:43:51.5 |
HIP 42952 |
14.82 |
| 2026-08-03 12:00 |
08:44:57.04 |
+18:42:15.4 |
HIP 42970 |
10.28 |
| 2026-08-04 00:00 |
08:45:24.30 |
+18:40:39.0 |
HIP 42970 |
8.49 |
| 2026-08-04 12:00 |
08:45:51.56 |
+18:39:02.4 |
HIP 42970 |
11.27 |
| 2026-08-05 00:00 |
08:46:18.82 |
+18:37:25.6 |
HIP 43086 |
8.92 |
| 2026-08-05 12:00 |
08:46:46.09 |
+18:35:48.5 |
HIP 43086 |
10.31 |
| 2026-08-06 00:00 |
08:47:13.35 |
+18:34:11.1 |
HIP 43199 |
13.15 |
| 2026-08-06 12:00 |
08:47:40.62 |
+18:32:33.5 |
HIP 43199 |
9.50 |
| 2026-08-07 00:00 |
08:48:07.88 |
+18:30:55.7 |
HIP 43199 |
9.81 |
| 2026-08-07 12:00 |
08:48:35.14 |
+18:29:17.6 |
HIP 43199 |
13.82 |
| 2026-08-08 00:00 |
08:49:02.40 |
+18:27:39.3 |
HIP 43199 |
19.36 |
| 2026-08-08 12:00 |
08:49:29.65 |
+18:26:00.8 |
HIP 43223 |
25.44 |
| 2026-08-09 00:00 |
08:49:56.90 |
+18:24:22.1 |
HIP 43421 |
26.28 |
| 2026-08-09 12:00 |
08:50:24.15 |
+18:22:43.1 |
HIP 43421 |
22.84 |
| 2026-08-10 00:00 |
08:50:51.39 |
+18:21:03.9 |
HIP 43510 |
18.49 |
| 2026-08-10 12:00 |
08:51:18.63 |
+18:19:24.5 |
HIP 43510 |
13.38 |
| 2026-08-11 00:00 |
08:51:45.86 |
+18:17:44.9 |
HIP 43510 |
10.25 |
| 2026-08-11 12:00 |
08:52:13.08 |
+18:16:05.0 |
HIP 43510 |
10.96 |
| 2026-08-12 00:00 |
08:52:40.29 |
+18:14:25.0 |
HIP 43510 |
14.98 |
| 2026-08-12 12:00 |
08:53:07.49 |
+18:12:44.8 |
HIP 43510 |
20.43 |
| 2026-08-13 00:00 |
08:53:34.69 |
+18:11:04.3 |
HIP 43510 |
26.45 |
| 2026-08-13 12:00 |
08:54:01.87 |
+18:09:23.7 |
HIP 43510 |
32.73 |
| 2026-08-14 00:00 |
08:54:29.05 |
+18:07:42.9 |
HIP 43846 |
33.92 |
| 2026-08-14 12:00 |
08:54:56.21 |
+18:06:01.9 |
HIP 43846 |
29.16 |
| 2026-08-15 00:00 |
08:55:23.36 |
+18:04:20.7 |
HIP 43846 |
25.29 |
| 2026-08-15 12:00 |
08:55:50.49 |
+18:02:39.4 |
HIP 43846 |
22.76 |
| 2026-08-16 00:00 |
08:56:17.61 |
+18:00:57.9 |
HIP 43846 |
22.02 |
| 2026-08-16 12:00 |
08:56:44.72 |
+17:59:16.2 |
HIP 43846 |
23.26 |
| 2026-08-17 00:00 |
08:57:11.81 |
+17:57:34.3 |
HIP 43846 |
26.18 |
| 2026-08-17 12:00 |
08:57:38.89 |
+17:55:52.3 |
HIP 44125 |
23.17 |
| 2026-08-18 00:00 |
08:58:05.95 |
+17:54:10.1 |
HIP 44125 |
18.07 |
| 2026-08-18 12:00 |
08:58:32.99 |
+17:52:27.8 |
HIP 44125 |
14.31 |
| 2026-08-19 00:00 |
08:59:00.02 |
+17:50:45.3 |
HIP 44125 |
13.11 |