| Parameter |
Value |
| Designation |
445P/Lemmon-PANSTARRS |
| Type |
P |
| Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) |
2022-08-19T02:37:51.418560Z |
| Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) |
2025-09-09T12:42:58Z |
| Obs used |
308 |
| NEO |
- |
| M1 |
15.600 |
| K1 |
6.500 |
| PC |
0.030 |
| Discovery observation (MPC, UTC) |
1998-11-22T06:48:55.008000Z |
| Discovery magnitude (MPC) |
21.10 V |
| Discovery observatory (MPC) |
691 · Steward Observatory, Kitt Peak-Spacewatch |
Osculating Elements
| Parameter |
Value |
| Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) |
2018-12-24.0000000 |
| e |
0.41248906 |
| q (au) |
2.383958 |
| a (au) |
4.057726 |
| i (deg) |
1.088174 |
| Ω (om, deg) |
126.549865 |
| ω (w, deg) |
213.725650 |
| M (ma, deg) |
199.131293 |
Magnitude
Scatter + Global Linear
$$
M_a = (14.751 + 2.907\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta
$$
$$
\theta = 180^\circ - \alpha
$$
$$
\Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b)
$$
$$
\Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1
$$
Model Parameters
| Parameter |
Value |
| H0 |
14.751 |
| n |
2.907 |
| gf |
1.000 |
| gb |
-0.864 |
| k |
0.999 |
| δ90 |
10.000 |
| Parameter |
Symbol |
Range |
Description |
| Absolute magnitude at 1 AU from Sun and Earth |
H0 |
-5 to 20 |
Intrinsic brightness of the comet |
| Photometric slope parameter |
n |
2 to 6 |
Rate of brightness change with heliocentric distance |
| Forward scattering asymmetry factor |
gf |
0.8 to 1 |
Degree of forward scattering |
| Backward scattering asymmetry factor |
gb |
-1 to -0.5 |
Degree of backward scattering |
| Partitioning coefficient |
k |
0.8 to 1 |
Ratio between forward/backward scattering contributions |
| Dust-to-gas brightness ratio |
δ90 |
1 to 10 |
Relative contribution of dust scattering to gas emission |
Reference: EPSC-DPS2025-160
Ephemeris
| Date/Time (UTC) |
RA (J2000) |
Dec (J2000) |
Nearest HIP |
Dist from HIP (arcmin) |
| 2026-07-29 00:00 |
10:19:22.82 |
+10:57:31.1 |
HIP 50611 |
14.57 |
| 2026-07-29 12:00 |
10:19:43.26 |
+10:55:35.4 |
HIP 50611 |
9.20 |
| 2026-07-30 00:00 |
10:20:03.73 |
+10:53:39.5 |
HIP 50611 |
3.82 |
| 2026-07-30 12:00 |
10:20:24.23 |
+10:51:43.2 |
HIP 50611 |
1.59 |
| 2026-07-31 00:00 |
10:20:44.77 |
+10:49:46.7 |
HIP 50611 |
6.99 |
| 2026-07-31 12:00 |
10:21:05.35 |
+10:47:49.8 |
HIP 50611 |
12.40 |
| 2026-08-01 00:00 |
10:21:25.96 |
+10:45:52.7 |
HIP 50611 |
17.83 |
| 2026-08-01 12:00 |
10:21:46.60 |
+10:43:55.2 |
HIP 50729 |
21.19 |
| 2026-08-02 00:00 |
10:22:07.28 |
+10:41:57.5 |
HIP 50729 |
24.56 |
| 2026-08-02 12:00 |
10:22:27.99 |
+10:39:59.5 |
HIP 50950 |
27.81 |
| 2026-08-03 00:00 |
10:22:48.74 |
+10:38:01.3 |
HIP 50950 |
22.48 |
| 2026-08-03 12:00 |
10:23:09.51 |
+10:36:02.7 |
HIP 50950 |
17.23 |
| 2026-08-04 00:00 |
10:23:30.32 |
+10:34:03.9 |
HIP 50950 |
12.16 |
| 2026-08-04 12:00 |
10:23:51.16 |
+10:32:04.8 |
HIP 50950 |
7.67 |
| 2026-08-05 00:00 |
10:24:12.03 |
+10:30:05.4 |
HIP 50950 |
5.50 |
| 2026-08-05 12:00 |
10:24:32.93 |
+10:28:05.8 |
HIP 50950 |
7.89 |
| 2026-08-06 00:00 |
10:24:53.85 |
+10:26:05.9 |
HIP 50950 |
12.46 |
| 2026-08-06 12:00 |
10:25:14.81 |
+10:24:05.7 |
HIP 50950 |
17.59 |
| 2026-08-07 00:00 |
10:25:35.80 |
+10:22:05.3 |
HIP 51105 |
14.87 |
| 2026-08-07 12:00 |
10:25:56.81 |
+10:20:04.7 |
HIP 51105 |
12.47 |
| 2026-08-08 00:00 |
10:26:17.85 |
+10:18:03.7 |
HIP 51105 |
12.30 |
| 2026-08-08 12:00 |
10:26:38.91 |
+10:16:02.6 |
HIP 51168 |
12.59 |
| 2026-08-09 00:00 |
10:27:00.01 |
+10:14:01.2 |
HIP 51168 |
12.83 |
| 2026-08-09 12:00 |
10:27:21.12 |
+10:11:59.5 |
HIP 51168 |
15.25 |
| 2026-08-10 00:00 |
10:27:42.26 |
+10:09:57.6 |
HIP 51168 |
19.06 |
| 2026-08-10 12:00 |
10:28:03.43 |
+10:07:55.5 |
HIP 51213 |
22.98 |
| 2026-08-11 00:00 |
10:28:24.62 |
+10:05:53.2 |
HIP 51213 |
23.06 |
| 2026-08-11 12:00 |
10:28:45.83 |
+10:03:50.6 |
HIP 51213 |
24.47 |
| 2026-08-12 00:00 |
10:29:07.07 |
+10:01:47.8 |
HIP 51213 |
26.99 |
| 2026-08-12 12:00 |
10:29:28.32 |
+09:59:44.8 |
HIP 51316 |
27.04 |
| 2026-08-13 00:00 |
10:29:49.60 |
+09:57:41.6 |
HIP 51520 |
23.30 |
| 2026-08-13 12:00 |
10:30:10.89 |
+09:55:38.1 |
HIP 51520 |
18.94 |
| 2026-08-14 00:00 |
10:30:32.21 |
+09:53:34.5 |
HIP 51520 |
15.42 |
| 2026-08-14 12:00 |
10:30:53.54 |
+09:51:30.7 |
HIP 51520 |
13.43 |
| 2026-08-15 00:00 |
10:31:14.89 |
+09:49:26.7 |
HIP 51520 |
13.67 |
| 2026-08-15 12:00 |
10:31:36.26 |
+09:47:22.4 |
HIP 51520 |
16.04 |
| 2026-08-16 00:00 |
10:31:57.65 |
+09:45:18.0 |
HIP 51520 |
19.79 |
| 2026-08-16 12:00 |
10:32:19.05 |
+09:43:13.4 |
HIP 51582 |
18.09 |
| 2026-08-17 00:00 |
10:32:40.47 |
+09:41:08.7 |
HIP 51582 |
17.68 |
| 2026-08-17 12:00 |
10:33:01.90 |
+09:39:03.7 |
HIP 51582 |
19.03 |
| 2026-08-18 00:00 |
10:33:23.35 |
+09:36:58.6 |
HIP 51624 |
20.45 |
| 2026-08-18 12:00 |
10:33:44.81 |
+09:34:53.3 |
HIP 51624 |
21.53 |
| 2026-08-19 00:00 |
10:34:06.28 |
+09:32:47.9 |
HIP 51624 |
23.95 |