C/1998 P1 (Williams)

메타데이터

항목
Designation C/1998 P1 (Williams)
Type C
Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) 1998-10-17T20:04:26.601600Z
Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) 2021-04-15T23:29:57Z
Obs used 403
NEO -
M1 7.800
K1 14.750
PC 0.030
Osculating 궤도요소
항목
Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) 1998-12-15.0000000
e 0.99935941
q (au) 1.146154
a (au) 1789.224617
i (deg) 145.728519
Ω (om, deg) 156.373092
ω (w, deg) 294.452932
M (ma, deg) 0.000757

밝기

C/1998 P1 (Williams) · Magnitude (Full range)

산란 + 전체 선형

$$ M_a = (6.727 + 4.174\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta $$ $$ \theta = 180^\circ - \alpha $$ $$ \Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b) $$ $$ \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1 $$

모델 상수

항목
H0 6.727
n 4.174
gf 0.891
gb -0.729
k 0.993
δ90 1.273
파라미터 기호 범위 설명
태양·지구거리 1 AU에서의 절대등급 H0 -5 to 20 혜성의 고유 밝기
광도 기울기 파라미터 n 2 to 6 태양거리 변화에 따른 밝기 변화율
전방 산란 비대칭 계수 gf 0.8 to 1 전방 산란의 강도
후방 산란 비대칭 계수 gb -1 to -0.5 후방 산란의 강도
분할 계수 k 0.8 to 1 전·후방 산란 기여도 비율
먼지/가스 밝기 비 δ90 1 to 10 코마에서 먼지 산란 대비 가스 방출의 상대 기여

참고: EPSC-DPS2025-160

잔차 (구간 선형)

$$\epsilon = a \log_{10} r_{\mathrm{au}} + b$$

시작일 (UTC) 끝 (UTC) a b
1998-08-10 1998-08-29 +48.4077 -7.973
1998-08-29 1998-10-04 -9.7163 +0.414
1998-11-14 1998-12-30 -0.7986 +0.004
1998-12-30 1999-01-17 -4.5488 +1.146
1999-01-17 1999-02-09 +3.1416 -0.885
1999-02-09 1999-03-04 +15.9071 -5.048
1999-03-04 1999-04-13 -6.4456 +2.729
1999-04-13 1999-05-18 -16.8421 +7.088

log10 r = log10(태양거리/AU), Δ = 지구거리(AU)

천체력

Date/Time (UTC) RA (J2000) Dec (J2000) Nearest HIP Dist from HIP (arcmin)
2026-06-01 00:00 02:56:37.49 +51:46:21.6 HIP 13664 7.56
2026-06-01 12:00 02:56:40.65 +51:46:36.4 HIP 13664 8.11
2026-06-02 00:00 02:56:43.79 +51:46:51.4 HIP 13664 8.65
2026-06-02 12:00 02:56:46.93 +51:47:06.4 HIP 13664 9.20
2026-06-03 00:00 02:56:50.05 +51:47:21.6 HIP 13664 9.74
2026-06-03 12:00 02:56:53.16 +51:47:36.9 HIP 13664 10.29
2026-06-04 00:00 02:56:56.26 +51:47:52.3 HIP 13664 10.83
2026-06-04 12:00 02:56:59.35 +51:48:07.8 HIP 13664 11.37
2026-06-05 00:00 02:57:02.42 +51:48:23.5 HIP 13664 11.91
2026-06-05 12:00 02:57:05.48 +51:48:39.2 HIP 13664 12.45
2026-06-06 00:00 02:57:08.53 +51:48:55.1 HIP 13664 12.99
2026-06-06 12:00 02:57:11.56 +51:49:11.0 HIP 13664 13.53
2026-06-07 00:00 02:57:14.58 +51:49:27.1 HIP 13664 14.07
2026-06-07 12:00 02:57:17.59 +51:49:43.3 HIP 13664 14.61
2026-06-08 00:00 02:57:20.58 +51:49:59.6 HIP 13664 15.14
2026-06-08 12:00 02:57:23.56 +51:50:16.0 HIP 13664 15.68
2026-06-09 00:00 02:57:26.52 +51:50:32.5 HIP 13664 16.21
2026-06-09 12:00 02:57:29.47 +51:50:49.1 HIP 13664 16.75
2026-06-10 00:00 02:57:32.40 +51:51:05.9 HIP 13664 17.28
2026-06-10 12:00 02:57:35.32 +51:51:22.7 HIP 13664 17.81
2026-06-11 00:00 02:57:38.22 +51:51:39.6 HIP 13664 18.34
2026-06-11 12:00 02:57:41.11 +51:51:56.6 HIP 13881 17.91
2026-06-12 00:00 02:57:43.98 +51:52:13.8 HIP 13881 17.43
2026-06-12 12:00 02:57:46.84 +51:52:31.0 HIP 13881 16.94
2026-06-13 00:00 02:57:49.68 +51:52:48.3 HIP 13881 16.46
2026-06-13 12:00 02:57:52.50 +51:53:05.7 HIP 13881 15.99
2026-06-14 00:00 02:57:55.31 +51:53:23.2 HIP 13881 15.51
2026-06-14 12:00 02:57:58.10 +51:53:40.8 HIP 13881 15.04
2026-06-15 00:00 02:58:00.87 +51:53:58.5 HIP 13881 14.57
2026-06-15 12:00 02:58:03.62 +51:54:16.3 HIP 13881 14.11
2026-06-16 00:00 02:58:06.36 +51:54:34.2 HIP 13881 13.65
2026-06-16 12:00 02:58:09.08 +51:54:52.2 HIP 13881 13.19
2026-06-17 00:00 02:58:11.78 +51:55:10.2 HIP 13881 12.74
2026-06-17 12:00 02:58:14.46 +51:55:28.4 HIP 13881 12.29
2026-06-18 00:00 02:58:17.13 +51:55:46.6 HIP 13881 11.85
2026-06-18 12:00 02:58:19.77 +51:56:04.9 HIP 13881 11.41
2026-06-19 00:00 02:58:22.40 +51:56:23.3 HIP 13881 10.98
2026-06-19 12:00 02:58:25.01 +51:56:41.8 HIP 13881 10.56
2026-06-20 00:00 02:58:27.60 +51:57:00.3 HIP 13881 10.14
2026-06-20 12:00 02:58:30.17 +51:57:18.9 HIP 13881 9.73
2026-06-21 00:00 02:58:32.72 +51:57:37.7 HIP 13881 9.33
2026-06-21 12:00 02:58:35.25 +51:57:56.4 HIP 13881 8.94
2026-06-22 00:00 02:58:37.76 +51:58:15.3 HIP 13881 8.56