메타데이터

항목	값
Designation	1P/Halley
Type	P
Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC)	1986-02-08T11:22:00.431040Z
Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC)	2025-11-21T15:57:34Z
Obs used	8518
NEO	Yes
M1	5.500
K1	8.000
PC	0.030

Osculating 궤도요소

항목	값
Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB)	1968-01-20.0000000
e	0.96793600
q (au)	0.574864
a (au)	17.928635
i (deg)	162.190530
Ω (om, deg)	59.098947
ω (w, deg)	112.241431
M (ma, deg)	274.382337

설명

첫 번째로 예측된 주기 혜성으로 가장 오래된 기록은 기원전 240년 중국의 사기(史記)가 최초이다.

밝기

산란 + 전체 선형

$$ M_a = (3.661 + 3.876\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta $$ $$ \theta = 180^\circ - \alpha $$ $$ \Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b) $$ $$ \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1 $$

모델 상수

항목	값
H0	3.661
n	3.876
gf	1.000
gb	-0.500
k	1.000
δ90	10.000

파라미터	기호	범위	설명
태양·지구거리 1 AU에서의 절대등급	H0	-5 to 20	혜성의 고유 밝기
광도 기울기 파라미터	n	2 to 6	태양거리 변화에 따른 밝기 변화율
전방 산란 비대칭 계수	gf	0.8 to 1	전방 산란의 강도
후방 산란 비대칭 계수	gb	-1 to -0.5	후방 산란의 강도
분할 계수	k	0.8 to 1	전·후방 산란 기여도 비율
먼지/가스 밝기 비	δ90	1 to 10	코마에서 먼지 산란 대비 가스 방출의 상대 기여

참고: EPSC-DPS2025-160

잔차 (구간 선형)

$$\epsilon = a \log_{10} r_{\mathrm{au}} + b$$

시작일 (UTC)	끝 (UTC)	a	b
1981-12-02	1985-11-05	+6.7140	-0.431
1985-11-05	1986-01-28	+2.0298	+0.388
1986-02-15	1986-07-08	-2.7942	-0.455
1986-07-08	1987-12-12	+0.0819	-1.319
1987-12-12	2003-03-08	+3.7502	-4.319

log10 r = log10(태양거리/AU), Δ = 지구거리(AU)

천체력

Date/Time (UTC)	RA (J2000)	Dec (J2000)	Nearest HIP	Dist from HIP (arcmin)
2026-07-29 00:00	08:15:06.07	+03:30:27.9	HIP 40500	23.13
2026-07-29 12:00	08:15:09.12	+03:30:17.1	HIP 40500	22.77
2026-07-30 00:00	08:15:12.18	+03:30:06.1	HIP 40500	22.44
2026-07-30 12:00	08:15:15.23	+03:29:55.1	HIP 40500	22.13
2026-07-31 00:00	08:15:18.28	+03:29:43.9	HIP 40500	21.84
2026-07-31 12:00	08:15:21.32	+03:29:32.7	HIP 40500	21.58
2026-08-01 00:00	08:15:24.37	+03:29:21.3	HIP 40500	21.35
2026-08-01 12:00	08:15:27.41	+03:29:09.8	HIP 40500	21.14
2026-08-02 00:00	08:15:30.45	+03:28:58.2	HIP 40500	20.97
2026-08-02 12:00	08:15:33.48	+03:28:46.6	HIP 40500	20.83
2026-08-03 00:00	08:15:36.51	+03:28:34.8	HIP 40500	20.71
2026-08-03 12:00	08:15:39.54	+03:28:22.9	HIP 40500	20.63
2026-08-04 00:00	08:15:42.56	+03:28:10.9	HIP 40500	20.57
2026-08-04 12:00	08:15:45.58	+03:27:58.8	HIP 40500	20.55
2026-08-05 00:00	08:15:48.59	+03:27:46.6	HIP 40500	20.56
2026-08-05 12:00	08:15:51.60	+03:27:34.3	HIP 40500	20.61
2026-08-06 00:00	08:15:54.61	+03:27:22.0	HIP 40500	20.68
2026-08-06 12:00	08:15:57.61	+03:27:09.5	HIP 40500	20.78
2026-08-07 00:00	08:16:00.60	+03:26:56.9	HIP 40500	20.92
2026-08-07 12:00	08:16:03.59	+03:26:44.2	HIP 40500	21.08
2026-08-08 00:00	08:16:06.57	+03:26:31.4	HIP 40500	21.27
2026-08-08 12:00	08:16:09.55	+03:26:18.6	HIP 40500	21.49
2026-08-09 00:00	08:16:12.52	+03:26:05.6	HIP 40500	21.74
2026-08-09 12:00	08:16:15.49	+03:25:52.5	HIP 40500	22.01
2026-08-10 00:00	08:16:18.45	+03:25:39.4	HIP 40500	22.30
2026-08-10 12:00	08:16:21.40	+03:25:26.1	HIP 40500	22.62
2026-08-11 00:00	08:16:24.34	+03:25:12.8	HIP 40500	22.97
2026-08-11 12:00	08:16:27.28	+03:24:59.4	HIP 40500	23.33
2026-08-12 00:00	08:16:30.21	+03:24:45.9	HIP 40500	23.71
2026-08-12 12:00	08:16:33.13	+03:24:32.3	HIP 40500	24.12
2026-08-13 00:00	08:16:36.05	+03:24:18.6	HIP 40500	24.54
2026-08-13 12:00	08:16:38.96	+03:24:04.8	HIP 40500	24.98
2026-08-14 00:00	08:16:41.86	+03:23:50.9	HIP 40500	25.43
2026-08-14 12:00	08:16:44.75	+03:23:37.0	HIP 40500	25.90
2026-08-15 00:00	08:16:47.63	+03:23:23.0	HIP 40500	26.38
2026-08-15 12:00	08:16:50.50	+03:23:08.9	HIP 40500	26.88
2026-08-16 00:00	08:16:53.36	+03:22:54.7	HIP 40500	27.39
2026-08-16 12:00	08:16:56.22	+03:22:40.4	HIP 40500	27.91
2026-08-17 00:00	08:16:59.06	+03:22:26.1	HIP 40500	28.43
2026-08-17 12:00	08:17:01.90	+03:22:11.7	HIP 40500	28.97
2026-08-18 00:00	08:17:04.72	+03:21:57.2	HIP 40500	29.52
2026-08-18 12:00	08:17:07.54	+03:21:42.6	HIP 40500	30.08
2026-08-19 00:00	08:17:10.34	+03:21:27.9	HIP 40500	30.64