C/2021 A1 (Leonard)

메타데이터

항목 값
Designation C/2021 A1 (Leonard)
Type C
Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) 2022-01-03T07:01:27.517440Z
Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) 2025-01-02T20:12:26Z
Obs used 2422
NEO -
M1 12.500
K1 4.500
PC -
Discovery observation (MPC, UTC) 2021-01-03T13:00:51.696000Z
Discovery magnitude (MPC) 19.00 G
Discovery observatory (MPC) G96 · University of Arizona Mt. Lemmon Survey
Osculating 궤도요소
항목 값
Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) 2021-07-11.0000000
e 1.00010048
q (au) 0.615230
a (au) -6122.881779
i (deg) 132.685813
Ω (om, deg) 255.889104
ω (w, deg) 225.087713
M (ma, deg) -0.000363

밝기

C/2021 A1 (Leonard) · Magnitude (Full range)

C/2021 A1 (Leonard) · Magnitude (Highlight period)

산란 + 전체 선형

$$ M_a = (11.021 + 5.164\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta $$ $$ \theta = 180^\circ - \alpha $$ $$ \Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b) $$ $$ \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1 $$

모델 상수

항목 값
H0 11.021
n 5.164
gf 0.800
gb -0.920
k 0.834
δ90 10.000
파라미터 기호 범위 설명
태양·지구거리 1 AU에서의 절대등급 H0 -5 to 20 혜성의 고유 밝기
광도 기울기 파라미터 n 2 to 6 태양거리 변화에 따른 밝기 변화율
전방 산란 비대칭 계수 gf 0.8 to 1 전방 산란의 강도
후방 산란 비대칭 계수 gb -1 to -0.5 후방 산란의 강도
분할 계수 k 0.8 to 1 전·후방 산란 기여도 비율
먼지/가스 밝기 비 δ90 1 to 10 코마에서 먼지 산란 대비 가스 방출의 상대 기여

참고: EPSC-DPS2025-160

잔차 (구간 선형)

$$\epsilon = a \log_{10} r_{\mathrm{au}} + b$$

시작일 (UTC) 끝 (UTC) a b
2020-04-11 2021-10-30 +1.5118 -0.912
2021-10-30 2021-12-06 -9.8456 +0.200
2021-12-06 2022-01-03 +28.4757 +3.588
2022-01-03 2022-05-28 +0.7618 -1.274

log10 r = log10(태양거리/AU), Δ = 지구거리(AU)

천체력

Date/Time (UTC) RA (J2000) Dec (J2000) Nearest HIP Dist from HIP (arcmin)
2026-09-20 00:00 15:53:40.21 -04:28:36.4 HIP 77843 0.70
2026-09-20 12:00 15:53:43.44 -04:29:07.3 HIP 77843 0.93
2026-09-21 00:00 15:53:46.73 -04:29:38.2 HIP 77843 1.76
2026-09-21 12:00 15:53:50.08 -04:30:09.1 HIP 77843 2.70
2026-09-22 00:00 15:53:53.47 -04:30:40.1 HIP 77843 3.67
2026-09-22 12:00 15:53:56.91 -04:31:11.0 HIP 77843 4.67
2026-09-23 00:00 15:54:00.41 -04:31:41.9 HIP 77843 5.67
2026-09-23 12:00 15:54:03.96 -04:32:12.9 HIP 77843 6.69
2026-09-24 00:00 15:54:07.55 -04:32:43.8 HIP 77843 7.72
2026-09-24 12:00 15:54:11.20 -04:33:14.8 HIP 77843 8.77
2026-09-25 00:00 15:54:14.89 -04:33:45.7 HIP 77843 9.82
2026-09-25 12:00 15:54:18.64 -04:34:16.6 HIP 77843 10.89
2026-09-26 00:00 15:54:22.43 -04:34:47.5 HIP 77843 11.96
2026-09-26 12:00 15:54:26.27 -04:35:18.4 HIP 77843 13.05
2026-09-27 00:00 15:54:30.16 -04:35:49.3 HIP 77843 14.15
2026-09-27 12:00 15:54:34.10 -04:36:20.1 HIP 77843 15.25
2026-09-28 00:00 15:54:38.09 -04:36:51.0 HIP 77843 16.37
2026-09-28 12:00 15:54:42.12 -04:37:21.8 HIP 77843 17.50
2026-09-29 00:00 15:54:46.20 -04:37:52.6 HIP 77843 18.64
2026-09-29 12:00 15:54:50.33 -04:38:23.3 HIP 77843 19.79
2026-09-30 00:00 15:54:54.50 -04:38:54.1 HIP 77843 20.95
2026-09-30 12:00 15:54:58.72 -04:39:24.8 HIP 77843 22.12
2026-10-01 00:00 15:55:02.98 -04:39:55.4 HIP 77843 23.30
2026-10-01 12:00 15:55:07.29 -04:40:26.0 HIP 77843 24.48
2026-10-02 00:00 15:55:11.65 -04:40:56.6 HIP 77843 25.68
2026-10-02 12:00 15:55:16.05 -04:41:27.2 HIP 77843 26.89
2026-10-03 00:00 15:55:20.50 -04:41:57.7 HIP 77843 28.11
2026-10-03 12:00 15:55:24.98 -04:42:28.1 HIP 77899 29.17
2026-10-04 00:00 15:55:29.52 -04:42:58.5 HIP 77899 30.17
2026-10-04 12:00 15:55:34.09 -04:43:28.9 HIP 77899 31.18
2026-10-05 00:00 15:55:38.71 -04:43:59.2 HIP 77899 32.22
2026-10-05 12:00 15:55:43.38 -04:44:29.4 HIP 77899 33.28
2026-10-06 00:00 15:55:48.08 -04:44:59.6 HIP 78089 33.42
2026-10-06 12:00 15:55:52.83 -04:45:29.7 HIP 78089 33.43
2026-10-07 00:00 15:55:57.62 -04:45:59.8 HIP 78089 33.49
2026-10-07 12:00 15:56:02.45 -04:46:29.8 HIP 78089 33.60
2026-10-08 00:00 15:56:07.33 -04:46:59.7 HIP 78190 33.28
2026-10-08 12:00 15:56:12.24 -04:47:29.6 HIP 78190 32.60
2026-10-09 00:00 15:56:17.19 -04:47:59.3 HIP 78190 31.94
2026-10-09 12:00 15:56:22.19 -04:48:29.0 HIP 78190 31.32
2026-10-10 00:00 15:56:27.22 -04:48:58.6 HIP 78190 30.74
2026-10-10 12:00 15:56:32.29 -04:49:28.2 HIP 78190 30.20
2026-10-11 00:00 15:56:37.40 -04:49:57.6 HIP 78190 29.71