C/2016 E2 (Kowalski)

메타데이터

항목 값
Designation C/2016 E2 (Kowalski)
Type C
Perihelion (tp_cal, UTC) 2016-02-06T16:22:22.641600Z
Orbit solution date (soln_date, UTC) 2022-06-07T21:44:07Z
Obs used 108
NEO -
M1 20.700
K1 4.750
PC -
Osculating 궤도요소
항목 값
Epoch (epoch_cal, TDB) 2016-03-19.0000000
e 1.00022643
q (au) 1.075383
a (au) -4749.316616
i (deg) 135.997156
Ω (om, deg) 186.665157
ω (w, deg) 321.971509
M (ma, deg) 0.000124

밝기

C/2016 E2 (Kowalski) · Magnitude (Full range)

산란 + 전체 선형

$$ M_a = (19.818 + 2.000\cdot 2.5\log_{10} r) + \epsilon - 2.5\log_{10}\Phi(\theta) + 5\log_{10}\Delta $$ $$ \theta = 180^\circ - \alpha $$ $$ \Phi(\theta) = \frac{\delta_{90} D(\theta) + 1}{\delta_{90} + 1},\quad D(\theta) = k\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_f) + (1-k)\cdot \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g_b) $$ $$ \Phi_{HG}(\theta; g) = \left(\frac{1+g^2}{1+g^2-2g\cos\theta}\right)^{3/2},\quad \Phi_{HG}(90^\circ)=1 $$

모델 상수

항목 값
H0 19.818
n 2.000
gf 1.000
gb -0.500
k 1.000
δ90 10.000
파라미터 기호 범위 설명
태양·지구거리 1 AU에서의 절대등급 H0 -5 to 20 혜성의 고유 밝기
광도 기울기 파라미터 n 2 to 6 태양거리 변화에 따른 밝기 변화율
전방 산란 비대칭 계수 gf 0.8 to 1 전방 산란의 강도
후방 산란 비대칭 계수 gb -1 to -0.5 후방 산란의 강도
분할 계수 k 0.8 to 1 전·후방 산란 기여도 비율
먼지/가스 밝기 비 δ90 1 to 10 코마에서 먼지 산란 대비 가스 방출의 상대 기여

참고: EPSC-DPS2025-160

천체력

Date/Time (UTC) RA (J2000) Dec (J2000) Nearest HIP Dist from HIP (arcmin)
2026-09-20 00:00 03:07:27.90 +57:30:56.6 HIP 14641 18.96
2026-09-20 12:00 03:07:22.38 +57:31:19.1 HIP 14641 19.76
2026-09-21 00:00 03:07:16.81 +57:31:41.2 HIP 14434 20.57
2026-09-21 12:00 03:07:11.18 +57:32:03.0 HIP 14434 19.95
2026-09-22 00:00 03:07:05.49 +57:32:24.4 HIP 14434 19.35
2026-09-22 12:00 03:06:59.75 +57:32:45.5 HIP 14434 18.77
2026-09-23 00:00 03:06:53.95 +57:33:06.3 HIP 14434 18.22
2026-09-23 12:00 03:06:48.09 +57:33:26.7 HIP 14434 17.70
2026-09-24 00:00 03:06:42.17 +57:33:46.7 HIP 14308 17.19
2026-09-24 12:00 03:06:36.20 +57:34:06.4 HIP 14308 16.36
2026-09-25 00:00 03:06:30.18 +57:34:25.8 HIP 14308 15.53
2026-09-25 12:00 03:06:24.10 +57:34:44.7 HIP 14308 14.70
2026-09-26 00:00 03:06:17.96 +57:35:03.4 HIP 14308 13.86
2026-09-26 12:00 03:06:11.77 +57:35:21.6 HIP 14308 13.03
2026-09-27 00:00 03:06:05.53 +57:35:39.5 HIP 14308 12.19
2026-09-27 12:00 03:05:59.23 +57:35:57.0 HIP 14308 11.36
2026-09-28 00:00 03:05:52.88 +57:36:14.2 HIP 14308 10.52
2026-09-28 12:00 03:05:46.48 +57:36:31.0 HIP 14308 9.70
2026-09-29 00:00 03:05:40.03 +57:36:47.4 HIP 14308 8.87
2026-09-29 12:00 03:05:33.52 +57:37:03.4 HIP 14308 8.06
2026-09-30 00:00 03:05:26.96 +57:37:19.1 HIP 14308 7.27
2026-09-30 12:00 03:05:20.36 +57:37:34.3 HIP 14308 6.49
2026-10-01 00:00 03:05:13.70 +57:37:49.2 HIP 14308 5.76
2026-10-01 12:00 03:05:06.99 +57:38:03.7 HIP 14308 5.07
2026-10-02 00:00 03:05:00.23 +57:38:17.8 HIP 14308 4.47
2026-10-02 12:00 03:04:53.43 +57:38:31.6 HIP 14308 3.99
2026-10-03 00:00 03:04:46.57 +57:38:44.9 HIP 14308 3.68
2026-10-03 12:00 03:04:39.67 +57:38:57.8 HIP 14308 3.59
2026-10-04 00:00 03:04:32.72 +57:39:10.4 HIP 14308 3.74
2026-10-04 12:00 03:04:25.72 +57:39:22.5 HIP 14308 4.11
2026-10-05 00:00 03:04:18.67 +57:39:34.3 HIP 14308 4.65
2026-10-05 12:00 03:04:11.58 +57:39:45.6 HIP 14308 5.30
2026-10-06 00:00 03:04:04.45 +57:39:56.5 HIP 14308 6.04
2026-10-06 12:00 03:03:57.26 +57:40:07.1 HIP 14308 6.84
2026-10-07 00:00 03:03:50.04 +57:40:17.2 HIP 14308 7.68
2026-10-07 12:00 03:03:42.77 +57:40:26.9 HIP 14308 8.55
2026-10-08 00:00 03:03:35.46 +57:40:36.2 HIP 14166 8.60
2026-10-08 12:00 03:03:28.10 +57:40:45.0 HIP 14166 7.81
2026-10-09 00:00 03:03:20.70 +57:40:53.5 HIP 14166 7.06
2026-10-09 12:00 03:03:13.26 +57:41:01.5 HIP 14166 6.37
2026-10-10 00:00 03:03:05.78 +57:41:09.1 HIP 14166 5.76
2026-10-10 12:00 03:02:58.26 +57:41:16.3 HIP 14166 5.26
2026-10-11 00:00 03:02:50.70 +57:41:23.1 HIP 14166 4.92